Wednesday

Kekkaishi

Kekkaishi (結界師?, lit. "Barrier Master") is an ongoing supernatural manga series by Yellow Tanabe. It is serialized in Japan by Shogakukan in the manga magazine Shōnen Sunday, and licensed for an English release in North America by Viz Media. It was adapted as a fifty-two episode anime series by Sunrise, which was broadcast between October 2006 and February 2008. The series is about Yoshimori Sumimura and Tokine Yukimura, heirs to rival clans of kekkai (barrier magic) users, who must defend their school from the spirits drawn to the sacred land it is built upon. Kekkaishi received the 2007 Shogakukan Manga Award for shōnen manga.



Plot
Main article: List of Kekkaishi characters

Five hundred years ago, a feudal lord was attacked by demons wanting to retrieve his mysterious inner power to take over the human world. The famous mage, Tokimori Hazama, was called upon, and with his 2 students, managed to save the whole land. But they fell ill, the feudal lord was killed, his power was also buried with him at a site called Karasumori.

In the present day, Yoshimori Sumimura and Tokine Yukimura, heirs of the Hazama clan, became the kekkaishi protecting the land and the power. They use a technique called Kekkai, a form of magical barrier, used to capture and destroy Ayakashi (monsters/demons) that are drawn to this land. Any demons that come near the power will become stronger and therefore Yoshimori and Tokine are to guard the land from intrusion of the Ayakashi. Some of the demons form a powerful organization to take over that mysterious power.



After years of combating Ayakashi and protecting the land of Karasumori, Yoshimori's mother returns and with the help of Yoshimori and Tokine, release Karasumori from land and essentially completing their duties to protect the land.

Hazama-ryu kekkai technique
The Sumimura and Yukimura families use the Hazama-ryu Kekkai Technique (間流結界術, Hazama-Ryū Kekkai Jutsu?) when they are faced with ayakashi (demons). It is said by Shigemori Sumimura that this technique integrates utility and effectiveness of kekkai abilities. Elements of this technique include:




* Hoi (方囲, Hōi?, "Engulf"): Designates a target.

* Joso (定礎, Jōso?, "Cornerstone"): Determines where to create the kekkai.

* Ketsu (結?, "Bind"): Creates and activates the kekkai.

* Kai (解?, "Release"): Dispels the kekkai without injuring the target trapped inside.

* Metsu (滅?, "Destroy"): Collapses a kekkai, destroying what is trapped inside.

* Tenketsu (天穴?, "Heavenly hole"): Opens a door to another world and sends the shards of the enemy through to prevent regeneration. This technique requires using a shakujo, a Buddhist ringed staff, to perform it.

* Zekkai (絶界?, "Absolute boundary"): A technique that allows the user to either repel an attack or harm an enemy. Depending on the strength of the user, it appears as a black aura that varies in form. Because it is created by the domination of negative feelings, it is recommended that it not be used excessively.

* Shinkai: "True boundary". It is a technique to create a new world and consumes much more power than Zekkai. Tokimori Hazama stated that it's a technique close to the power of a god.

* Nenshi (念糸?, "Thread"): A technique that creates an energy thread. It is used for binding, capturing, and torture by squeezing. The nenshi comes out from the palm of the user. The seal around the neck of Madaro, Yoshimori's spirit familiar, is made of beads strung on a circle of nenshi.

* Sekkai: A technique used to destroy foreign kekkai. Tokine attempts to use this to dispel Yoshimori's kekkai in Kokuborou but could not because his kekkai was too strong.

* Shuufuku: Restoration art, repairs an object.

* Shikigami: Paper dolls that obey the commands of a kekkai user.

* Musou: A state of mind where the user is not influenced by any force, it increases speed, power, and effectiveness of kekkai.



Media
Manga
Main article: List of Kekkaishi chapters

Kekkaishi is written and drawn by Yellow Tanabe. It has been serialized in Japan by Shogakukan in the shōnen (aimed at teenaged boys) manga magazine Shōnen Sunday since 2003 issue 47, with publication on-going. Serial chapters have been collected in 28 tankōbon volumes as of February 2010[update]. The series is licensed in English in North America by Viz Media.[2] It is also licensed in France by Pika Édition,[3] in Germany by Carlsen Comics,[4] in Hong Kong by Rightman Publishing Limited,[5] in Indonesia by Elex Media Komputindo which serializes it in Shōnen Star,[6] in Italy by Planet Manga,[7] in Malaysia by PCM Comics, in South Korea by Bookbox,[8] in Spain by Editorial Ivrea,[9] in Taiwan by Tong Li Comics,[10] and in Vietnam by Kim Dong.[11]

A guidebook to the series called a "teacher's guide" (結界師 指南之書?) was published as a Shōnen Sunday special on 16 December 2006 (ISBN 4-09-120710-3).



Anime
Main article: List of Kekkaishi episodes

Kekkaishi was adapted by Sunrise as a anime television series directed by Kenji Kodama with character designs by Hirotoshi Takaya and music by Taku Iwasaki. The opening theme for all episodes is "Sha La La: Ayakashi Night" by Saeka Uura. There are four different ending themes: "Akai Ito" by Koshi Inaba (episodes 1–15, 38, 40), "Sekaijyuu Doko wo Sagashitemo" (世界中どこを探しても?) by Aiko Kitahara (episodes 16–23, 39, 44), "Mai Mirai" (マイミライ, My Future?) by Saeka Uura (episodes 24–30, 41), and "Kyuukei Jikan Juppun" (休憩時間10分, 10 Minute Break?) by Saeka Uura (episodes 31–37, 42–43, 45). The series was broadcast for 52 episodes in Japan between 16 October 2006 and 12 February 2008 on Nippon Television, Yomiuri TV, and Nippon Television Network System,[13] in the "golden" timeslot of 7 p.m. Monday.[14]

The anime has been licensed in North America by Viz Media,[15] which began broadcasting episodes online through Hulu.com in January 2010.[16] According to Anime News Network, the series will premiere on TV,May 22, 2010 on Adult Swim.[17] (Adult Swim is now advertising it will premiere Saturday, May 29th at 12:30) It has also been broadcast in Taiwan on TTV and Videoland Television Network, in Malaysia on 8TV (Cantonese dubbing with Malay subtitles) and NTV7 (Malay dubbing), in Hong Kong on Cable TV, in the Philippines on HERO and GMA-7, and in Indonesia on antv.

References

# ^ a b "Shogakukan Awards Page" (in Japanese). Shogakukan. http://www.shogakukan.co.jp/mangasho/. Retrieved 27 February 2007.
# ^ "Kekkaishi (manga)". Anime News Network. http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/encyclopedia/manga.php?id=5008. Retrieved 2008-08-26.
# ^ "Kekkaishi - PIKA Édition" (in French). Pika Édition. http://www.pika.fr/new/node/1188. Retrieved 1 May 2009.
# ^ "Kekkaishi - CARLSEN Verlag" (in German). Carlsen Verlag GmbH. http://www.carlsen.de/web/manga/serie?id=156939. Retrieved 1 May 2009.
# ^ "正文社出版有限公司" (in Chinese). Rightman Publishing Ltd.. http://www.rightman.net/comics_a1_japan_5.html. Retrieved 1 May 2009.
# ^ "SHONEN STAR" (in Indonesian). Elex Media Komputindo. http://elexmedia.multiply.com/reviews/item/134. Retrieved 1 May 2009.
# ^ "KEKKAISHI 1" (in Italian). Panini Comics. http://www.paninicomics.it/web/guest/productDetail?viewItem=29614. Retrieved 1 May 2009.
# ^ "결계사 1 By TANABE YELLOW". Google Books. http://books.google.com/books?id=WJ9vMgAACAAJ. Retrieved 1 May 2009.
# ^ "KEKKAISHI" (in Spanish). Editorial Ivrea. http://www.editorialivrea.com/ESP/manga_kekkaishi.htm. Retrieved 4 May 2009.
# ^ "東立漫遊網 書籍查詢-書資料清單" (in Chinese). Tong Li Comics. http://www.tongli.com.tw/BooksList.aspx?B=SC132. Retrieved 1 May 2009.
# ^ "Kết giới sư (Kekkaishi)" (in Vietnamese). Kim Dong Publishing House. http://www.nxbkimdong.com.vn/default.asp?page=viewitem&bookid=1057. Retrieved 1 May 2009.
# ^ "小学館: コミック 「結界師 指南之書" (in Japanese). Shogakukan. http://skygarden.shogakukan.co.jp/skygarden/owa/solc_dtl?isbn=4091207103. Retrieved 25 February 2009.
# ^ "Kekkaishi (TV)". Anime News Network. http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/encyclopedia/anime.php?id=6806. Retrieved 2008-08-27.
# ^ "Yatterman Remake to Take Kekkaishi's 'Golden' Timeslot (Updated)". Anime News Network. 9 October 2007. http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2007-10-09/yatterman-remake-to-take-kekkaishi's-golden-timeslot. Retrieved 28 August 2008.
# ^ "Viz Adds Inuyasha the Final Act, Kekkaishi Anime (Updated)". Anime News Network. 24 July 2009. http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2009-07-24/viz-adds-inuyasha-final-act-kekkaishi-anime. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
# ^ "Viz Media to Debut Kekkaishi Anime Series on Hulu". Anime News Network. 19 January 2010. http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/press-release/2010-01-19/viz-media-to-debut-kekkaishi-anime-series-on-hulu. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
# ^ "Adult Swim Lists Kekkaishi U.S. TV Premiere". Anime News Network. 2010-03-29. http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2010-03-29/adult-swim-lists-kekkaishi-u.s-tv-premiere-in-may.
# ^ "Wiiリモコンで”妖”を倒せ! 「結界師 黒芒楼の影」 / ファミ通.com" (in Japanese). http://www.famitsu.com/game/coming/2007/07/07/104,1183734703,74741,0,0.html.
# ^ "Japanese Comic Ranking, January 15–21". Anime News Network. 2008-01-24. http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2008-01-24/japanese-comic-ranking-january-15-21. Retrieved 2008-08-27.
# ^ "Japanese Comic Ranking, April 22–28 (Updated)". Anime News Network. 2008-04-30. http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2008-04-30/japanese-comic-ranking-april-22-28. Retrieved 2008-08-27.
# ^ "Japanese Comic Ranking, July 8–14". Anime News Network. 2008-07-18. http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2008-07-18/japanese-comic-ranking-july-8-14. Retrieved 2008-08-27.
# ^ "Manga Named to Librarians' Great Graphic Novels List". Anime News Network. 2008-01-16. http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2008-01-16/manga-named-to-librarians-great-graphic-novels-list. Retrieved 2008-08-26.
# ^ "Japanese Anime TV Ranking, April 16-22". Anime News Network. 2007-04-27. http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2007-04-27/japanese-anime-tv-ranking-april-16-22. Retrieved 2008-08-28. "Kekkaishi continues to shine as the only (relatively) new, non-sequel series on the list."
# ^ "Japanese Anime TV Ranking: April 30-May 20". Anime News Network. 2007-05-24. http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2007-05-24/japanese-anime-tv-ranking-april-30-may-20. Retrieved 2008-08-28.
# ^ "Japanese Anime TV Ranking: May 21-May 27". Anime News Network. 2007-06-01. http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2007-06-01/japanese-anime-tv-ranking-may-21-may-27. Retrieved 2008-08-28. "[T]he only "new" series is Fall 2006's Kekkaishi from the pages of Weekly Shōnen Sunday."

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Saturday

Sinopsis Film Menculik Miyabi

Now, the newest movie would be “Menculik Miyabi” the producer, Raditya Dika (Never heard of Film-film Studio Ghibli ♫ Monday, August 31st, 2009



Hmm.. pastinya heboh dunkss, kabar yang beredar sie gini : Film Menculik Miyabi video menculik miyabi, film maria ozawa., maria ozawa jakarta, sinopsis menculik miyabi, film

Film menculik miyabi ini mungkin akan menjadi film fenomenal pada tahun 2009 ini
bukan karena Kualitas Film, tapi mengenai bintang Filmnya yakni Maria Ozawa yaitu seorang Bintang Film Porno Terkenal.
Berikut alur cerita yang masih ditulis oleh raditya dika, Film Menculik Miyabi adalah sebuah film yang bercerita mengenai 3 orang pemuda yang akan mencari Hadiah untuk perempuan. Lalu Miyabi yang kebetulan membuka Toko Pakaian Dalam pun di culik.. Wah ide ceritanya menarik juga nih :D detik.com

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Sinopsis Film Menculik Miyabi. Setelah menimbulkan pro-kontra, film Menculik Miyabi yang dibintangi aktris porno asal Jepang, Maria Ozawa alias Miyabi, akhirnya resmi beredar di bioskop Indonesia mulai Kamis (6/5/2010). Kekhawatiran sejumlah pihak terkait kemunculan Miyabi yang bakal mengumbar aurat dan adegan seronok tak terbukti. Miyabi justru muncul bak perempuan dengan citra yang elegan dan jauh dari kesan esek-esek. Seperti apa kisahnya, berikut sinopsis film Menculik Miyabi tersebut :

Alkisah, pada sebuah pagi yang indah di Negeri Sakura sana, Miyabi, seorang model iklan ternama di Jepang, memulai aktivitasnya. Ia bangkit dari ranjang tempat tidurnya untuk kemudian bergegas mandi. Sejurus kemudian ia merendamkan tubuhnya di dalam bath tube.

Ditemani secangkir kopi, pikirannya menerawang jauh. Ia berhasrat untuk berlibur, tapi belum terpikir kota mana hendak ia tuju. Nah, di sinilah ia terpikir Jakarta sebagai tujuan liburannya. Kebetulan, sebagai bintang iklan, ia mendapat tugas untuk memberi hadiah pemenang kuis langsung ke Jakarta. Kloplah. Rencana itu pun ditulis Miyabi di blog pribadinya.

Kabar rencana kedatangan Miyabi rupanya dibaca tiga anak muda penggemar berat Miyabi. Tak berlama-lama, ketiganya, Kevin (Nicky Tirta), Bimo (Hardi Fadillah), dan Aan (Farish Nahdi) menuju bandara agar bisa bertemu langsung dengan sang idola.

Kisah Menculik Miyabi tak lantas mempertontonkan kehadiran Miyabi di Indonesia. Cerita justru lebih menonjolkan konflik antara Kevin dengan Mike (David Alexandre), rivalnya dalam merebut hati dara cantik bernama Jessica (Herfiza Novianti).

Sejak masih TK, Jessica sudah memikat hati Kevin. Benih-benih cinta itu terus tumbuh hingga keduanya beranjak remaja. Sial, Mike yang kemudian berhasil merebut hati Jessica. Pertarungan antara Kevin dengan Mike tak terelakkan. Sebuah tantangan diberikan Mike kepada Kevin. Katanya, boleh saja Kevin mendekati Jessica dengan satu syarat, ia harus membawa seorang gadis cantik ke pesta yang bakal digelar Jessica.

Mike sadar betul bahwa Kevin tak bakal mudah melewati tantanganya. Maklumlah, Kevin merupakan lelaki lugu, bahkan terkesan cupu alias culun punya.

Awalnya, tak ada yang bisa diperbuat hingga sebuah peristiwa menggiringnya ke petualangan yang tak pernah mereka duga. Sebuah kekacauan menyambut kedatangan Miyabi di bandara justru menjadi langkah awal Aan dan Bimo membantu Kevin mewujudkannya mendekati Jessica dan menerima tantangan Mike.

Di bandara, kisah itu berawal. Tak hanya ketiganya, ratusan penggemar Miyabi ternyata telah menyemut menanti kedatangan sang bintang. Layaknya penggemar fanatik, mereka kerap menimbulkan kekisruhan yang tak terkendali. Keributan tiba-tiba saja terjadi ketika seorang perempuan berparas oriental melenggang menuju arah mereka. Sontak saja, mereka berlari tak terbendung menyambut kedatangan perempuan itu.

Di sini, Aan mencoba cari muka di hadapan Miyabi. Ia berusaha menjadi pahlawan di mata idolanya. Ia memaksa dua sahabatnya, Kevin dan Bimo, untuk menyelamatkan Miyabi. Berhasilkah ketiganya menyelamatkan Miyabi dari kepungan para penggemar?

Yap. Sejurus kemudian, mereka baru sadar, ternyata perempuan yang mereka selamatkan bukanlah Miyabi, tetapi seorang gadis asal Taiwan, Mie Yao Bie (Sabrina Pai), yang kebetulan tampang dan namanya mirip Miyabi.

Tak terima dengan aksi Aan, Bimo dan Kevin, Mie Yao Bie ngambek bukan kepalang. Ia menuding ketiganya sebagai penculik. Sementara itu, Aan dan Bimo justru melihat kecantikan Mie Yao Bie sebagai peluang untuk menjawab tantangan dari Mike terhadap kawannya.

Di sisi lain, hubungan asmara antara Mike dengan Jessica mulai renggang. Sikap kasar Mike membuat Jessica tak nyaman. Ia bahkan ingin memulai hubungan dengan Kevin yang menurutnya lugu dan menyenangkan. Tapi, lagi-lagi, kemunculan Mie Yao Bie malah membuatnya ragu-ragu. Lantas, apakah Kevin cs bisa memenangkan pertaruhan mereka dengan Mike?

Miyabi, bintang yang setahun belakangan ini jadi perbincangan, justru muncul tak mendominasi. Sabrina Pai, artis asal Taiwan yang berparas mirip dengan Miyabi, malah layak disebut sebagai bintangnya. Miyabi malah terkesan sebagai tempelan saja. Kebintangannya boleh jadi hanya menjadi gimmick yang sengaja ditampilkan demi memicu rasa penasaran terhadap sosoknya yang kental sebagai bintang porno.

Di sinilah kehebatan Ody Wahyu Hidayat dalam memainkan isu. Pro-kontra kemunculan Miyabi justru menjadi promosi gratis film Menculik Miyabi. Nama Miyabi kadung diekspos habis-habisan. Alhasil, Menculik Miyabi kini tinggal menuai hasil dari promosi gratis atas pro dan kontra yang muncul selama ini.

Seperti dituturkan Ody, target penonton yang ingin dicapai Menculik Miyabi memang tak tanggung-tanggung, yakni melampaui jumlah penonton film Ayat-Ayat Cinta (A2C) atau paling tidak menembus angka tiga juta penonton.

Nambah

Rohan Online : Blood Feud

Rohan: Blood Feud (an English-speaking version of the recently-released Rohan Online) is a free-to-play massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG). One week of closed beta testing in America started from March 17, 2008 by publisher YNK Interactive. It ended its one week of closed beta testing.[2][3] Second round of closed beta testing ran from April 3, 2008 to April 9, 2008, the open beta was launched May 28, 2008. There are other versions of Rohan Online in Korea, Taiwan, Japan and Philippines as well.

Story

In the beginning God created the world in seven days. Edoneh was born from the solitude of fortitude. As stated earlier god created the earth in seven days, but the great god gave it to Ian as a gift, Ian in turn gave birth to the five minor gods: Adrian (also known as Loha), Arlyn, Pamela, Wailyn(also spelled Flox), and Monching.



Ian set his creations, known by scholars as "The Lesser/Lower Gods" down on the earth and each of these gods in turn created a race for this new world. Adrian created the Humans, Arlyn created the Giants, Pamela the Elves, WAilyn created Dark Elves, and Silva the Halflings. The Lesser Gods placed their creations on separate regions of Rohan, but Ohn felt this task was too important to be left in the hands of the Lesser Gods, so Ohn created Dragons to divide and patrol the regions.

Peace insured in this early time, but like in all things, everything good must come to an end. In the Human Kingdom, Claut Del Lagos (believed by many scholars to be the world's first Dhan) assassinates his older brother, Penkel Del Lagos (king at that time), and usurps power. Thirteen long years later, the late king's son, Selio Del Lagos, forms a rebellion and ends Claut's regimen. Claut and his followers flee to an island in the northern reaches of Rohan and settle there, and called themselves as Dhans.

Some time later there's a catastrophe and something happened to Ohn. The five Lesser Gods, in an attempt to revive him, decided to kill the Dragons that Ohn had created in order to retrieve the power that he used. However, they manage to kill all the dragons but one. That one dragon hides on the western side of the same island the Dhan inhabit, and uses the last of its life force to create the Dekan race. Due to the constant expanding of the Dhan and the Dekan, the two races finally meet, and clash.

The war between the Dekan and the Dhan lasted ten long bloody years, with the war finally ending in a truce. With the Dragons gone, the other races can now explore past their former boundaries and start meeting each other for the first time.

The Lesser Gods, in a desperate move decided to sacrifice the other races since killing the dragons didn't bring back Ohn. The Lesser Gods create monsters to eliminate the races but their plan backfires. The advent of monsters bring the races closer together. It brings the Elves and Humans especially close, so close that the two start producing offspring, the world's first Half Elves. Rejected by both Humans and Elves, the Half Elves created their own settlement in the middle of the forest of Morrisen.

The wise sages realized that the monsters were the Lesser Gods' doing. A brave soul by the name of Edwin rides out and challenges the Lessers, but he is never to be seen again. Rumors of this event start spreading, and people start talking. The current Elf queen at the time has a terrible vision of destruction, of a Rohan where only monsters roam, and where the created races are nothing but distant memories.

Desperate to make the vision a lie the Elf Queen calls for a gathering of the races, but only the Humans and Halflings show up. The Giants and Dark Elves have formed a secret alliance in order to cleanse Rohan of the Humans and Elves. When the Humans, Halflings, and Elves counter this by allying themselves, the Giants extend their hands to the Half Elves. The Dhan and Dekan, having already lost many in their ten year war remain neutral as this new war unfolds, but their land is now being threatened by monsters from all sides.[4]

The story progresses and determined by the outcome of in-game events dubbed as Story Arc event. Successful events rewards players with experience or drop modifiers, depending on the GM.[5]

Game features
R.O.H.A.N.: Blood Feud is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG)that allows players to play with another character within the game world, explore lands, kill monsters, engage amazing quests, perform magic, adopt a pet, buy a mount, and interact with NPCs and other players. The game is a rich and expansive persistent online world, set on the continent of R.O.H.A.N.: Blood Feud. The land is full of quests to embark upon, from simple to glorious. Friends and enemies will be made and lost, spectacular battles will be fought, and an abundance of unique game features will keep players on the edge of their gaming seats. There are many features of the game that set it apart from more traditional MMORPGs, including
Player-Kill System
R.O.H.A.N.: Blood Feud has been designed as a Player-Killing(PK) based game. All characters at and above Level 30 are all vulnerable to (PK). All areas of the Rohan continent and dungeons allow PK system, except for some areas called Safe Zones, which are usually Towns and save points dubbed Bindstones.[6]
Vengeance System
The Vengeance system is exclusive to Rohan which enables recording of one’s battle outcomes and delivering reprisal. The Hit list records names of 50 opponents and outcomes of corresponding battles. Particularly, if you are killed in an unwanted PVP or were outnumbered or defeated in one, the log-on status of the opposing player can be verified via Hit list, and Vengeance enables immediate transport to the corresponding player’s vicinity, delivering retribution or a rematch. Upon use, it can be recharged once for a fee by the Vengeance Dealer available at all major Towns, or using Ancient Assassin's Inheritance item available at the Item Mall. There is no limit on recharge when the latter is used.

Item Mall
The Item Mall is a convenient and safe place where you can purchase items to help enhance your in game experience in R.O.H.A.N.: Blood Feud. There are various options to chose from including, weapons, armor, costumes, customization items, and more. Item Mall transactions are conducted with Rohan Points.[9]
Exchange Market
With a small lifetime fee, you can sign up for the Exchange Market system of R.O.H.A.N.: Blood Feud. Buy & sell safely through the Exchange Market. The Exchange Market is the place where you can buy or sell items from other players for Rohan Points (RPs). Items that you find, purchase, or forge/refine in-game can be bought and sold here. Even whole characters can be traded. This allows players to buy uncommon, ancient, unique, or just plain ordinary items that they need for RPs. This will also allow players who don't wish to purchase RP to be able to sell items that they have acquired in-game to other players wishing to purchase them.[10]
*Rohan Points: Rohan Points is the exclusive currency of R.O.H.A.N.: Blood Feud and is used to purchase items from the Item Mall. You can obtain Rohan points two ways:
1. Through purchase If you choose to buy Rohan Points directly from YNK Interactive, there are several secure payment methods that you can choose from. These will be directed to your Rohan Points, which can be used to buy items both in the Item Mall and in the Exchange Market. Purchased Rohan Points will remain in your account until you decide to use it.
2. Through selling items or in-game currency Through the Exchange Service, you are able to securely sell your in game items for Rohan Points to other players. You can continuously add Rohan Points to your account whenever you please. This will be added to your Bonus RPS, which can only be used to purchase items from the Item Mall only.
Races
There are seven character races in the game and each have two advanced classes.
Human (Knight)
Created by the God Hand, humans are perfectly suited for the role of knight. Being a tank by absorbing enemy damage to keep fellow players alive portrays the actions of a human in this game. The human race is perfectly suited for the Knight class. Bound to chivalrous conduct, humans are predisposed to fight for what they believe to be right. They dwell in the town of Einhoren, capital of Del Lagos.
*Defender A brute of a soldier, they are often the center of a battle party due to their strengthened defense. They can also cast stun spells and sacrifice mobility for an overhaul in melee attack, or strengthen their defense in order to take damage from another partymate.
*Guardian The strongest of all types. They are the killers using swords and daggers. These steadfast warriors boast refined attack skills. They can successfully reach their targets even if well-protected, and can even increase the amount of damage with each attack with lightning fast attack speed with a sacrifice of mobility.
Dhan (Assassin)
Though similar to humans, Dhans are less outgoing, and more the kind to watch from the shadows. Their main skills involve use of agility, and dexterity, as they tend to be assassins. Though their attack is not the greatest, they stun their enemies with rapid swift blows. Another great advantage of being a Dhan is that they have the stealth ability. This allows one to hide from beasts at least 5 levels above their own, although they do suffer a penalty to mobility unless Hide skill is maxed. These killing machines are serpentine in their deadliness. Because of their bias for butchery, they are the most feared (and despised) class in R.O.H.A.N.: Blood Feud. Dhans can acquire experience by killing other players rather than completing quests if they choose. However, if they die during the Murderer status, they may lose their equipped armors and/or weapons. They dwell in the northern part of the continent, at the town of Par'talucca, capital of East Bahran Island.
*Avenger Can achieve invisibility and dismember opponents with no warning. By the time you see them, your eyes may no longer be connected to your face.
*Predator They deal blows so swiftly that anyone within striking distance may not even be able to take a single swing before death. They utilize a specialty of traps to render opponents unable to fight.
Half Elf (Archer)
Offspring of Human and Elf, these forest-dwellers and nature-lovers are masters of ranged combat. Be it bow & arrow or crossbow, their proficiency are unmatched. They live in the heart of Morrisen, the town of Kai'non.
*Scout Masters of multi-targeting with their bows, they often choose to fight all enemies at once rather than one at a time. They may also opt to drop their bows and take advantage of their buff that greatly increases their melee damage.
*Ranger Well versed on the crossbow, Rangers dominate their opponents with swift and precise bolt attacks. Upon learning Winged Foot, an exclusive skill to Rangers, they can traverse distances that no one can match. However they can opt to indulge to immobility to attain higher attack speed coupled with increased damage to rectify their opponents.
Dekan (Dragon Fighter)
Usually fighting alone, the Dekan race may transform into a dragon, use a blood sucking ability. Dekans are found to be a lone powerhouse. Nearly incomprehensible, these changelings defy nature. Dekans are born with the nascent ability to transform from humanoid to a fiercely violent dragon. They settled in the town of Rev'decca, found near the sea of Armenes.
*Dragon Knight They evolve more quickly in the form of dragon rather than humanoid, and employ a unique bloodsucking skill to weaken opponents. They prioritize offense.
*Dragon Sage Specialized hunters that can attack large areas at once. They also utilize the flow of energy to their advantage. They prioritize on balanced defense and offense for their survival.
Elf (Healer)
Having lost their old capital to monsters, the elves now rest in Vena, their new city on the Via Marea. Keen with magic, they are known as healers, priests, and templars, with great healing and magic skills. However, their magic specialization leaves them with weak physical defense, making them easier to kill than other races. Still, they are in great need whenever a group decides to form a party. These gentle-souled elves are proficient at healing others in their party. But do not be fooled, they can also pack a wicked wallop in the form of magical attacks.
*Priest - Specializing in healing and protection using a range of powerful magic spells. They assist in party members recovery, defense and also vitality.
*Templar - Quite the aggressor, they are capable of both magical and physical attacks. But their healing powers are keen as well.
Dark Elf (Mage)
Mysterious and cautious about their self-defense, Dark Elves use a series of powerful magic attacks. Not much is known about the dark elves but their transportation and weakening powers are well known around Rohan. Excelling in group battles, Dark elves have the ability to kill an enemy before it reach's them. Although not much is known, Dark elves have a strong despise for the human and elf race. This races main goal seems to be to drive the elves and humans out of their land. They live in the magma region of Ignis, at the town of Montt.
*Warlock - Thrives in group battles, they seemingly are able to weaken opponents before the fighting even starts.
*Wizard - Expert hunters, they employ powerful area spells to fight off multiple opponents simultaneously.
Giants (Warrior)
They are the latest addition to the game. Though born unusually large, are surprisingly agile, experts in dual wielding swords and polearms. Once prepared for the second job change to become a Berserker or Savage, Giants are able to specialize in a specific weapon. Experts in dual hand techniques. With their hideous horned appearance, the Giants have come to wreak havoc through the Rohan Continent with their polearms and dual-wielding swords. These gigantic warriors use their size to their advantage while remaining agile.
*Berserker Specializing in Player-vs.-Player combat, wide-ranged skills enable these Giants to live up to their brutal names as Berserkers. Delivering swift piercing blows from their Polearms, their potential can be promising.
*Savage Savages provide Buffs to allies and Debuffs to enemies inside Totem Castles, ideal in party play with their wide-ranged attacks and party buffs. They also utilize their Two-Handed swords in order to attack a group of enemies at once, dealing Area-of-Effect damage per normal attack at a high chance.
Maps
Rohan Continent is a terrain created by main god Ohn to present to mother goddess Edoneh. In this massive terrain, Ohn's first creation, climates and topographies run the gamut.
The center of the continent is a comfortable warm-climate region made of low mountains and flatlands. Primarily composed of rough mountainous terrain and polar climate, northern continent is difficult to pioneer. Proceeding south of the continent along Rai'ner River, land is divided east and west as vast lowlands unfold. The large island created by volcanic activity in the north has high subterranean heat with magma still curdling in some spots. As such, the northern region has relatively high temperatures.
Currently, Human territory is located in west central Rohan Continent, with Elves in the south and territory of Half Elves, conceived between the two races, located in the eastern central region. The northern island is inhabited by renegade groups Dhans, a race of assassins, and Dekans. This region will be expanded in the future with the addition of new races.
Shielynth
Shielynth was discovered along with Shilayah. It was discovered very quickly after Shilayah was found by explorers. Shielynth revealed a nightmare in the center of the region that has never been seen in the continent of Rohan. This area is called "Devil's Fortress" by explorers.
Shilayah
Shilayah, which is west of the Dekan's capital city and is located in the most northwestern region of the continent, has mostly been concealed. However, it was recently discovered by explorers. Shilayah has not been part of any explorer routes since it is the holy land of the giant blue dragon, therefore Dekans have shown hostility to others in this region. However, curious Humans, Half-Elves, and Giants discovered a new route by crossing Armenes through Liom and Varvylon. Shilayah is covered by ocean on three sides and is not at all like the land of Armenes or eastern Bahran Island. The region consists of mostly grits and rocks.
[Armenes
Armenes, the last dragon fleeing from divine assault in the north, is ultimately destroyed, but after creating Dekans, its descendents, with its last remaining strength. Dekans settled in western Bahran Island and named their state Armenes and their capital Rev'Deca.
Dekans had to ward off assault from Dhans and unidentifiable monsters nearby, and threat posed by Humans, Elves and Half Elves from a distance. Originally the Altar of Armenes built to memorialize their origins and a vast forest, the area is now riddled with vestiges of fierce warfare waged against Dhans from Ashen Battlefield to Dragon's Sacred Grounds, formerly strewn with remains of dragons slain in the battle against the gods.
• Rev'Decca (Dekan Town)
Upon being spawned from Armenes, the Dekans, widely scattered, tried to acclimate themselves to the strange environment.
Assembled under charismatic Ferdinante Don Endriago, Dekans began converging upon Armenes in preparation for self-protection. Rev'Deca is the capital they collectively built. Constructed on water's surface, the royal palace of the current king Ferdinante Don Endriago is located deep in the city, and shops and major facilities are built circling with the massive central fountain. A single gate serving as the sole passage to the outside and the city walls erected in the city outskirts plainly reflect their isolationist tendencies. Stone statues and adornments in the shape of dragons can be found readily on the streets.
Liom
Liom, located south the Dekan capital city of Rev'decca, can easily be reached through Armenes pathway. However, it is dangerous to enter this area since Diabolo Garden, Myrtle Woods, and Forgotten Fortress are full of monsters ordered by the Gods to kill the races on the continent.
Varvylon
Varvylon, located north of the Human capital city Einhoren, is surrounded by lush woods. Prisoners of Bothan Penitentiary, which is built on an artificially created island on the river, recently raised a riot. They captured Bothan Penitentiary and no one is able to approach it. Spire of Redemption which is located northeast, is built for criminals across the Hushed Forest. Caronia's Tomb which is full of monsters ordered by the Gods, was made to pay a tribute to the memory of Caronia. Caronia is the mother of Sergio Del Lagos and helped his son take back his throne. Shrouded Mansion, Altar of Roha, and Birch Tower are inhabited by monsters as well.
Del Lagos
Del Lagos is the Human Kingdom priding a vast territory surrounded by a beautiful and infinite lake with warm climate and abundant crops. Across the lake past the blessed Abundant Plains with the capital Einhoren at the center stands Trichia Seminary, the symbol of Human faith, along with Juba's Waterclock, the product of interracial diplomacy.
In the north is Traitor's Guillotine, where the criminals of Del Lagos were executed, and the obsolete Paladin Hall of Fame stands guard at the lush eastern terrain.
• Einhoren (Human Town)
The human race of Rohan Continent naturally converged around Einhoren, endowed with pleasant climate and abundant natural resources, and forged a settlement.
With the passing of time, Einhoren gradually takes shape as the Human capital. The grand temple for worshipping Roha, and the training facility for paladins, the central army, are located in the capital, and critical national decisions are reached upon discussion between the grand prophet and the king. Einhoren is bisected into two large regions: the village, a residential district for commoners, and the royal palace quarter for the royalty and aristocracy which can be reached only by traversing a bridge erected in the village. Both zones are surrounded by a high city wall designed to ward off invasion.
Via Marea
Vena, capital of Elves ruled by Queen Rima Regenon, possessing strong magic powers, was fashioned on building blocks of elaborate architecture and beautiful gardens. In the north lies Crea Workshop, where exceptional Elf wands were manufactured, and above it past Crossroad of Fate stands Temple of Marea, built to worship goddess Marea, and Dragon Eyes, where the extinct Red Dragon formerly stood guard. Goddess's Fountain, where goddess Marea, the creator of the Elves, propagated the origins of water, is located in the northwest, and Gray Dawn Tower was erected in the northeast to mount defense against orc raids, but both sites have fallen to the monsters.
• Vena (Elf Town)
Capital of the Elves, Vena is governed by a powerful wizard and Elf representative Sila Mayor Regenon.
Referred to as the city of the arts even within Elf kingdom, it is renowned for its elaborate beauty. Constructed based on an aesthetic blueprint from the inception, the city's buildings and garden arrangement are equally exquisite. Regen was the original Elf capital, but with monsters seizing it in the wake of assaults, the Elves migrated to the second capital of Vena. The original capital has since been turned into a wasteland and its basement a dungeon.
East Bahran Island
Previous dethroned King, Kraute Del Lagos, and his close friend and unequivocal supporter Haillok, along with their supporters, left Rohan Continent and settled in eastern Bahran Island.
They named themselves Dhans, to distinguish themselves from Humans, and erected Par'Talucca. The old-fashioned Dhan capital is circled by mountains where residents practice isolationism. At the center of a nearby river, stands Temple of Ohn, built to worship the main god, and at the river's upstream, a rock resembling mother goddess Edoneh can be found. To the south of the river is Haillok Memorial, founded to honor the great prophet Haillok, and Hermit's Hideout, created to perform Dhan rituals of sect wielding and power.
• Par'Talucca (Dhan Town)
Taking the throne after contending with the 2nd Human king Ferrikhan Del Lagos, Kraute Del Lagos is deposed by Ferrikhan's wife Queen Caronia and factions and the military endorsing sovereign orthodoxy.
With an entourage of his endorsers, he leaves Human capital Einhoren and arrives on Bahran Island in the far northeast. The ousted sovereign then builds the current Dhan capital of Par'Talucca upon discovering a basin surrounded by mountains, and creates a canal in the outskirts of the city for defense. While the underlying appearance of the city is redolent of Human architecture, Par'Taluccan architecture is far more calm and graceful employing primarily wooden materials.



Dharvegawan
Dharvegawan is located south of the Dhan capital city of Par'Talucca. The woods block explorers and do not allow easy passage. The brutal monsters threaten all living things around this region. Pay special attention to the Origin of Necromancy and the Heart of Flame as this is where dark forces are gathered.
Geizan
Geizan is located in north of the Half-Elf's capital city of Kai'non. The Temple of Silva located in the center of Geizan, was built by Halflings to pay tribute to the memory of their Creator Silva. Topaz Quarry and Tormaline Quarry which are located northwest, were built by both Humans and Gnilflahs. However, once the monsters became enraged, all the miners left Geizan, leaving the Temple of Silva and Quarries behind. The Black Dragon Sanctuary which is situated in the deep forest, was built by Gnilflahs to maintain the Black Dragon they have been in fear of.
Morrisen
Morissen, located in southeastern Rohan Continent, was forged by Half Elves conceived by Humans and Elves, having relocated and deprived of a sense of belonging.
Sirka Observatory, once the Halfling astronomy Mecca but currently a monster stronghold, and Tempest Watchout, erected to offer protection from Humans and monsters in the radius. And Bergendy Brewery, celebrated for the exceptional brewing talent of Half Elves, was formerly located in Tranquil Forest, but they have all become off-limit zones due to monster assault. Spiritual Haven, where the first Half Elf and their spiritual leader's remains were cremated, has been abandoned and become a monster habitat.
• Kai'non (Half Elf Town)
Located in southeastern Rohan Continent, Kai'non was built by Half Elves conceived between Elves, who migrated from the mainland, and Humans.
Half Elves, unable to feel a sense of belonging in either group, and having failed at assimilation in the city erected by Humans, assembled in the south of the continent and formed an independent settlement. Upon settling, all Half Elves strewn throughout the continent gradually began to converge upon Kai'non, and with population steadily growing, it grew to a size comparable to that of cities of other races. Due to the nomadic disposition of Half Elves, no city walls or notable architecture were constructed. Being firm individualists, they do not welcome external aid, and without a fixation on settling in a single site, they pitch tent-like shelters.
Aevraury
Aevraury, located in east of Vena and south of Half-Elf's Kai'non, is corrupted by brutal monsters and Orcs that are created to exterminate all other races in Rohan world. Ehres harbor is the only place for the explorer to put their mind at complete ease. Serpenters, descendants of ocean dragon protecting the ocean, threaten the explorers according to the Gods' order and expend their living space. The savage Orc's Fortress conquered northwest forest. The unknown monsters and living things are in the Verrat Island where there were laboratories of magicians who betrayed each other influenced by chaos of northeast world.
Draht
Having begun as a network of small villages, Giants amassed power and expanded in size ultimately founding a new state. Draht, a land on the arctic terrain with Etton as its capital, became what is now known as the Giant Nation. With the sweltering heat wave just beginning to recede, an arctic chill fell throughout the region.
• Etton (Giant Town)
The Giant capital, Etton, is a large city comprising a web of small villages including a training facility where these Giant warriors trained in isolation from the rest of the Rohan continent. The Giants, though perceived as brutes, are surprisingly accomplished in stone craftsmanship constructing many elaborate and intricate stone buildings which makes up their homeland. Detailed stone structures pervade in Etton, accurately reflecting the Giant's sturdy yet skilled disposition.
Kowarre
Kowarre is where Giants and Halflings confront each other. Ezker River flows east to west that divides Kowarre into two different regions, north and south. The northern part contains Giant camps that is mostly formed with giant rocks and snow. The southern part contains Gnilflah camps that is mostly formed with grassland. Ezker Island at the downstream connects these two different areas.
Rima
Rima is located in between the cold north and warm southern regions so it has a wide range of weather conditions. The tree forest in the north is abundant and thick, however there are less trees in the south and contain mostly grassland. The mountain located southwest, contains a quarry and mine. All other areas consist mostly of low hills and plains.
Eibach
Eibach, located above the town of Dark Elves, proved to be once a peaceful scenery turned into a devastating place with the advent of monsters. Tourist spots before have now become monster lairs.
Ignis
Pervaded by volcanoes, this region's mountains are high and treacherous. The only active volcanoes issuing lava are Flox's charcoal burner and the Dark Elf capital of Montt.
Most mountains are inactive with merely smoke billowing from the summits. For this reason, Scorching Canyon and Birthplace of Purity are devoid of vegetation, and the earth is black due to volcano ash. But massive forests fill the remaining regions. Most trees in Ignis are broad-leafed due to the tropical climate.
• Montt (Dark Elf Town)
With Ignis teeming with volcanoes, Dark Elves constructed Montt likening a massive fortress, as if to withstand its sweltering heat, and upon the assembling of numerous families hitherto dispersed, a collective parliament was convened, and a new king elected to fashion Montt as we know it. Montt's high city walls are built with special heat-resistant material, accurately reflecting distinct Dark Elf architectural traits and pride. The current king Kanos Lyonan's residential palace is perpetually under airtight security with warps surrounding it to deter foreigners. Dark Elves have employed exclusive black magic for convenience in transport and daily life.
Gameplay
Crafting
In crafting, a player receives certain materials after extracting them from vegetation, minerals, or gemstones. There are 4 parts to crafting:
1. Gathering
2. Producing
3. Upgrading
4. Extracting
To craft anything firstly you have to do a quest from the "Crafting Studio" which is collecting novice mineral from just outside a city for example "Einhoren". the quest can be obtained from colek ( he is in crafting studio). Weapon: to make a E grade weapon you need to collect a few things : firstly collect a bunch of E grade minerals like Artirum, Panadium , Cadmium. collect 10 of each and turn them into E grade ingots through the mineral processor. Astantine will be needed , it is a rare drop that does drop sometimes when you are gathering minerals. You will need E crystals and extraction option stones which can be obtained through pulverizing uni items at CS in the pulverizer. You then get the blueprint for the Artisan/craftsman wep and register it. Then, go to weapon anvil and craft.
Forging
In forging a player can make a rare, unique or ancient weapon. A rare weapon can be forged by combining two general weapons, and a unique weapon can be forged by combining two rare weapons. When combining weapons, a roulette determines whether the combination is successful or a failure. In both circumstances the original weapons are discarded: if the process is successful, the player gains a new weapon with stats combined from the originals; if unsuccessful, the player loses the two weapons and gains nothing. When forging, the player can also choose to put in an optional item, which makes the resulting weapon more powerful. An ancient weapon is much harder to make than a unique weapon or a rare weapon. To make an ancient weapon you will need a unique weapon and an accessory, and the process has a low success rate.
Hunting
Monsters are positioned in all regions of the Rohan Continent. Gamers must engage in combat utilizing exclusive skills and assorted tactics when encountering a monster. Both the keyboard and mouse can be used when battling in R.O.H.A.N.: Blood Feud. When you log in for the first time, characters begin in front of Bindstones of corresponding start towns. Did you locate the Bindstone Gatekeeper? Talk to the gatekeeper to launch your first hunt in R.O.H.A.N.: Blood Feud.
You may also undertake the Tutorial mode of R.O.H.A.N.: Blood Feud. Upon completing the tutorial, it will reward you with items and information essential for your survival on the continent.
Partying
Party play in R.O.H.A.N.: Blood Feud allows up to 6 members in a party including yourself. Parties are recommended for executing demanding quests and hunting high-level monsters. You can easily level-up with a party at hand.
Pets and Mounts
Mounts
Four different types of mounts are available to each race totaling 16 not including the ones that are available for all races, Kruger (Snow Kruger, Hidden Kruger, Wandering Kruger), Pumas, and Zebra Stud (Zebra Stud, Twilight Stud, Daybreak Stud). Listed below are the main mounts for each race with variations available:
*Rhino - Giant
*Spider - Dark Elf
*Gon - Dekan
*Tegu - Dhan
*Wolf - Half Elf
*Unicorn - Elf
*Stallion - Human
Pets
Pets in the game aid players in battle by boosting abilities. Pets can level up after being fed a certain amount, this will boost the specific pets abilities. A pet can die in Rohan due to negligence and can be revived by a revival ticket. A pet can be bought from either the pet merchant in any major town, or from the Item Mall. Pets are equipped with special abilities to aid in gameplay such as elevating a character's health, raise mobility, and enable teleporting. Below are the types of pets available for purchase from the town's pet NPC; no level restrictions apply to pet use. Pet level initially is 1, and increases as you feed them, with the maximum level at 3.
*Soft Kahto User's mobility increases by 10%-30% depending on the pet's level.
*Honey Bear User's health increases by 10%-30% depending on the pet's level.
*Angel Bunny Teleport ability to a previously recalled site. Length of retention of the saved spot increases per level.
*Molly Heals the HP and MP of the user when the health gauge of the user reaches 20% or upon command. Has a cooldown time of 2 minutes. It also provides a percentage of damage negation, from 5% to 15%. Amount of HP and MP heal and percentage of damage negation increases per level.
*Power Tiger Increases critical hit rate from 1% to 3%, and also decreases damage taken from critical attacks at a percentage. Critical rate and damage reduction from critical attacks increases per level.
*Speedy Hawk Increases Attack Speed and reduces casting time for certain spells. Amount deducted increases per level.
*Brave Dragon Additional damage pet depending on the user's level. Damage multiplier increases per level.
*Golden Monkey Item looting pet. Option for looting varies. Additional options are available when the level increases.
Pet Fusion
In order to create these pets, you will have to combine 2 pets of any kind that are already level 3. In order to combine these an item will have to be purchased from the item mall to bring up the Pet Fusion interface. The following items are required to create these pets:
Royal Dragon:
Level 1: Site memory retention 10 minutes. (allows you to teleport back to this location) Mobility increased 20%. Weight increased 30%.
Level 2: Site memory retention 20 minutes. (allows you to teleport back to this location) Mobility increased 30%. Weight increased 40%.
Level 3: Site memory retention 30 minutes. (allows you to teleport back to this location) Mobility increased 40%. Weight increased 50%.
Queen Fairy: Level 1: All stats increased by 14. Auto loot (7 item types) Weight increased by 30%
Level 2: All stats increased by 20. Auto loot (13 item types) Weight increased by 40%
Level 3: All stats increased by 30. Auto loot (13 item types) Weight increased by 50%
Empress Unicorn: Level 1: Complete Defense 10%. Recovers HP/MP by 5000. Buffs with greater than 3 sec cast reduced by 1 second. Weight increased by 30%.
Level 2: Complete Defense 15%. Recovers HP/MP by 9000. Buffs with greater than 3 sec cast reduced by 1.5 second. Weight increased by 40%.
Level 3: Complete Defense 15%. Recovers HP/MP by 12000. Buffs with greater than 3 sec cast reduced by 1.5 second. Weight increased by 50%.
King Lion: Level 1: Crit damage reduced by 10%. HP increase by 20%. Attack Speed increase by 10%. Weight increase by 30%.
Level 2: Crit damage reduced by 15%. HP increase by 30%. Attack Speed increase by 15%. Weight increase by 40%.
Level 3: Crit damage reduced by 20%. HP increase by 35%. Attack Speed increase by 20%. Weight increase by 50%.
Using these items has a 90% chance of success for the Pet Fusion. In the event of failure during the pet fusion, both level 3 pets will be preserved but the Fuse Item will be lost. At this time, these pets can eat Organic Animal Meal sold by the Pet NPC, and any item mall sold foods.
References
1. ^ YNK Admin Staff (2008-03-04). "What are the system requirements for Rohan?". http://forum.playrohan.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=23&t=414. Retrieved 2008-03-19.
2. ^ YNK Admin Staff (2008-03-07). "Rohan Closed Beta Dates and Times". http://forum.playrohan.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=4&t=566. Retrieved 2008-03-19.
3. ^ "Vengeance Storm in Rohan Online CB -- 02-26-2008". 2008-02-26. http://feature.mmosite.com/content/2008-02-25/20080225220609558,1.shtml. Retrieved 2008-03-19.
4. ^ Obliterate (November 28, 2008). "The Story Behind Rohan Online". http://rhboards.levelupgames.ph/index.php?showtopic=80. Retrieved 2010-03-14.
5. ^ GM Krieger (December 11, 2009). "Rohan >> End of Line". http://rohan.levelupgames.ph/?p=3891. Retrieved 2010-03-14.
6. ^ GM Krieger (N/A). "Rohan >> Battle Basics". http://rohan.levelupgames.ph/?page_id=50. Retrieved 2010-03-14.
7. ^ GM Krieger (N/A). "Rohan >> Revenge System". http://rohan.levelupgames.ph/?page_id=33. Retrieved 2010-03-14.
8. ^ GM Krieger (N/A). "Rohan >> Township Battle". http://rohan.levelupgames.ph/?page_id=100. Retrieved 2010-03-14.
9. ^ GM Krieger (N/A). "Rohan >> Rohan Item Mall Guide". http://rohan.levelupgames.ph/?p=627. Retrieved 2010-03-14.
10. ^ GM Krieger (N/A). "Rohan >> Rohan Item Mall Guide". http://rohan.levelupgames.ph/?p=1302. Retrieved 2010-03-14.


Township Battles

Tuesday

AOIndonesia

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PENTING! BACA INI TERLEBIH DAHULU!

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Apa itu cinta

Apakah Cinta itu?


Mereka yang tidak menyukainya menyebutnya tanggung jawab,
Mereka yang bermain dengannya, menyebutnya sebuah permainan,
Mereka yang tidak memilikinya, menyebutnya sebuah impian,
Mereka yang mencintai, menyebutnya takdir.



Kadang Tuhan yang mengetahui yang terbaik, akan memberi kesusahan untuk menguji kita. Kadang Ia pun melukai hati, supaya hikmat-Nya bisa tertanam dalam.
Jika kita kehilangan cinta, maka pasti ada alasan di baliknya. Alasan yang kadang sulit untuk dimengerti, namun kita tetap harus percaya bahwa ketika Ia mengambil sesuatu, Ia telah siap memberi yang lebih baik.
Mengapa menunggu?
Karena walaupun kita ingin mengambil keputusan, kita tidak ingin tergesa-gesa.
Karena walaupun kita ingin cepat-cepat, kita tidak ingin sembrono.
Karena walaupun kita ingin segera menemukan orang yang kita cintai, kita tidak ingin kehilangan jati diri kita dalam proses pencarian itu.
Jika ingin berlari, belajarlah berjalan duhulu,
Jika ingin berenang, belajarlah mengapung dahulu,
Jika ingin dicintai, belajarlah mencintai dahulu.
Pada akhirnya, lebih baik menunggu orang yang kita inginkan, ketimbang memilih apa yang ada.
Tetap lebih baik menunggu orang yang kita cintai, ketimbang memuaskan diri dengan apa yang ada.
Tetap lebih baik menunggu orang yang tepat, Karena hidup ini terlampau singkat untuk dilewatkan bersama pilihan yang salah, karena menunggu mempunyai tujuan yang mulia dan misterius.
Perlu kau ketahui bahwa Bunga tidak mekar dalam waktu semalam,
Kota Roma tidak dibangun dalam sehari,
Kehidupan dirajut dalam rahim selama sembilan bulan,
Cinta yang agung terus bertumbuh selama kehidupan.
Kebanyakan hal yang indah dalam hidup memerlukan waktu yang lama, Dan penantian kita tidaklah sia-sia.
Walaupun menunggu membutuhkan banyak hal - iman, keberanian, dan pengharapan - penantian menjanjikan satu hal yang tidak dapat seorangpun bayangkan.
Pada akhirnya. Tuhan dalam segala hikmat-Nya, meminta kita menunggu, karena alasan yang penting.

KIRIMKAN PENDAPAT & UNEG-UNEGMU MU TENTANG CINTA ke Fauzybio@yahoo.com ATAU BISA KAMU POSTKAN LEWAT MILIS CURHAT.

by Indra Husada Ritonga
Seseorang akan mengerti arti dari cinta setelah dia merasakan bagaimana sakitnya kehilangan cinta.

by Cosa Noshtra
Aku.. lahir karena cinta.. dibesarkan dengan cinta.. dan sekarang aku ada untuk selalu mencintai mu, kamu yang aku nggak tau sekarang di mana.

by Candra
Cinta adalah cinta.. aku cinta dia.


by TRI-Cah_Apikan^^
Cinta adalah ketika kita telah kehilangan gairah, rasa, dan romantika tetapi tetap peduli dengannya... Cinta bukan hanya sekedar kata-kata.. walaupun itu perlu adanya... Kata-kata adalah pakaian cinta tetapi yang utama adalah Makna; perilaku dan sikap atas nama cinta. Hanyalah waktu yang dapat membuktikan adanya CINTA SEJATI karena itu memanglah ada!!!

by Nal
Cinta.. adalah keikhlasan.

by Adeq
Aku tidak seberapa kenal apa itu cinta.. tapi ia amat berharga dalam hidup ini.. selepas membaca cerita ini.. ia memberiku lebih semangat untuk menunggu kekasihku pulang kembali ke pangkuanku...

by Othephe
Jangan bangkitkan cinta sebelum diingininya...

by W You
Cinta merupakan anugerah dari Tuhan.

by Athem
Percayakah kalian akan cinta sejati dari seorang pacar...? Jawabannya..(bullshit)! Di dunia ini hanya ada satu cinta sejati, that is lovin care from your mom! "True and everlasting".

by Edwin
Kalau kita mengerjakan sesuatu, kerjakanlah dengan perasaan cinta, Seperti Tuhan menciptakan Manusia dengan Cintanya terhadap Manusia, bahkan Dia mengorbankan segalanya buat Manusia. Trus Cinta itu apa ya..?

by Bintang
Cinta adalah kehidupan. Dan kamu tahu? Kehidupan itu terlalu rumit untuk disederhanakan hanya dalam kata-kata: indah, impian, takdir, luka atau air mata; Tidak! Jangan harap ada selalu kebahagiaan; atau keindahan di setiap jalannya. Tapi, benar! Jika cinta telah muncul dari mata airnya, maka boleh katakan pada jagad raya: pada langit dan lautan Cinta.. tidak dapat terbendung!
by T3t4
Cinta ada di dalam sana! Di tempat yang.. tenang dan damai. Dia dalam bentuk dari seorang manusia, t e m u k a n l a h...

by Risa
Apa itu cinta? Apa coba?

by Vbry
Love.. yang gw tau tuh love dari ortu, ama dari temen**, love tuh perasaan yang halus yang kadang membuat kita senang dan kadang membuat kita menangis.

by Widya HK
Cinta...
Untuk menguji hati...
Mengasah kesabaran...
Mengajarkan penderitaan...
Memberi kebahagiaan...
Menciptakan kenangan...
Karena itu...
Pakailah waktumu...
Untuk mencintai dan dicintai...
Karena itu adalah anugerah Allah yang terbesar dalam hidupmu...
by Hanna81
Cinta...
Aku gak pernah tau definisi cinta...
Yang aku tau, aku merasakannya saat ini...
Dan aku yakin...
Tuhan menjadikan segala sesuatu indah pada waktunya
GBU...

by Klapaucius
Cinta itu sex! (adult stuff). Mungkin yang dimaksud disini adalah kasih. So, orang yang tidak mengenal kasih, dia tidak mengenal Tuhan, 'coz Tuhan adalah kasih...

by Widi
Cinta itu BULLSHIT.
by Per-one-ty
According me! Cinta itu sebuah pemikiran emosi yang menggelora, yang mana orang yang mencintai dan dicintai akan merasakan berkibarnya hidup dengan bendera cinta itu, dan cinta itu ketika keadaan hati merasuk sebuah perasaan yang dapat membukakan gerbang sayang untuknya.

by Tutie
Cinta?... Sampai saat ini gue ngga ngerti apa itu cinta.. yang gue tahu cinta itu cuma sering bikin gue cemburu...

by Dicky
Cinta.. aku mencintaimu Elly...

by R3icr82
Mungkin cinta tidak sehitam yang kau bayangkan namun tak seputih yang kau pikirkan. YEN WANI OJO WEDI-WEDI, YEN WEDI OJO WANI-WANI. From my friend .

by Ixora83
Jika ingin bahagia, lihatlah cinta yang penuh dengan airmata, jika ingin sengsara, lihatlah cinta yang hanya beralaskan nafsu & gelak tanpa airmata. Kenapa? Ketawa dan airmata itulah cinta.
by Rabs
Love doesn't need a reason...

by Arus
Bikin donk yang lebih baik untuk aku yang paling indah, ok!


by G_irl
Aku tidak pernah mengerti apa itu cinta, yang aku tau, aku bahagia dicintai...!

by Ili
Cinta itu satu anugerah,
Cinta akan indah jika kita tahu memanfaatkannya,
Namun, cinta sejati hanya sekali dalam hidup ini
Cinta takkan buta jika orang yang b'cinta itu celik!

by Moudi
Cinta...? Tak ada yang akan mengerti tanpa merasakannya dulu.

by Ayang
Benar cinta itu indah di penglihatan tapi derita pada perasaan.. kenapa masih ada cinta setelah segalanya berubah? Di mana keadilan cinta?!

by Chantique
Cinta adalah anugerah dari Tuhan yang tidak ternilai harganya karena dengan cintalah kita dapat menjalani hidup ini dengan suka cita.

by Rozi
Cinta hanyalah sebuah ungkapan dari perasaaan seorang hamba, makna cinta takan pernah habis walau kalian menulis dengan lembaran seluas dunia, karena makna cinta berasal dari Tuhan Sang Pencipta.

by Hadi
Makan tuh cinta...!

by Hadi
Cinta menurut pandangan bapak gue, cinta itu ibarat peperangan mudah dimulai dan sulit diakhiri.

by Bening
Cinta, banyak yang tak bisa mendefinisikannya, karena cinta memang rumit. Batas antara benci dan cinta setipis kertas seperti jarak cinta dengan nafsu. Cinta yang murni adalah yang bersih dari nafsu.

by James
Eleh-eleh cinta.. ada apa dengan cinta.
by Budi
Cinta... selamat tinggal cinta telah membuat aku hancur, lalu bermanis tapi ternyata pahit, hanya karena cinta sebuah sahabat bisa punah karnanya, bagiku persahabatan lebih dari sekedar panasnya api cinta yang membakar hatiku.
by Nana
"CINTA" sulit disentuh.. namun terasa indah bila hati memiliki dan terasa menyakitkan bila hati hanya memimpikan.
by Damai Jiwaku
Hanya saat kita merasakan cinta, kita akan tahu apa itu cinta. Not to think just do it.

by Ale
Cinta dapat mengalahkan segalanya.

by Och-
Cinta... kuat seperti maut...
by Nemo
Yeah that absolutely right wah gw salut deh. Emang lebih baik meluangkan hidup dengan orang yang tepat daripada asal asalan dengan yang tersedia.

by Rangga
Cinta itu sukar ditafsirkan kerna cinta itu akan berputik kembang dan mekar dengan sendiri.
by Love`Pooh
Cinta? Apa sih cinta? Yang aku tau cuma kasih sayang, sedang cinta itu gak ada, yang ada hanya bongkahan napsu. Kasih sayang lebih indah daripada cinta dah tak akan hilang sampai kapan pun!!!

by Iren
Cinta itu memang indah tapi hati-hatilah kadang cinta membuatmu menderita.

by Budi
Cinta hanya untuk dua orang dan tidak ada tempat untuk orang ketiga, bahkan untuk bayangannya saja.

by Leeena
Cinta, @#$#563328.,,><~1

by Greeny Kee
Cinta? ah cinta... hanya sebatas cinta... Cinta? yap cinta... Aku mau tapi aku sungguh benci!!! I hate Dodi Afriadi!!!

by Cyn
Cinta adalah ketika kita melepaskan orang yang kita cintai bukan karena kita tidak mencintainya lagi tapi karena kita tahu orang yang kita cintai akan lebih bahagia tanpa kita...

by Amanda
If love is a gamble... Ours is a safe bet!

by Frey
Cinta, sesuatu yang memang indah dan menakjubkan, setiap orang pasti pernah mengalaminya, namun untuk lebih memahami cinta itu kita terlebih dahulu menghargainya. Karena sangat disayangkan cinta yang di sia-siakan, seiring berjalannya waktu kita lupa bahwa cinta itu juga merupakan sesuatu yang sangat berharga yang diberikan Tuhan pada kita.

by Deep Blue Sea
Tidak perlu mempertanyakan apa itu "CINTA", karena tak seorang pun yang dapat mengungkapkan apa itu "CINTA". RASAKANLAH, hanya hati kita masing-masing yang dapat menjawabnya...
by Naniey
Cinta juga boleh menjadikan seseorang itu alpa... CINTA ITU BUTA!!

by Riyu
Tull... memang Roma nggak dibangun dalam sehari koq, emang udah sipatnya manusia, mau enaknyaa... aja ngga mau susahnya. Buat nyang nggak bisa mbedain cinta ama nafsu... keciaaaan de lu, kamu harus tahu kamu telah kehilangan sesuatu yang sangat-sangat dan sangat berharga dalam hidup dan kehidupanmu, soal sacrifice? soal balasan? itulah pertanyaan untuk tulus atau tidaknya cintamu uhuy....

by Simon P. Ginting
Cinta adalah ungkapan perasaan yang disertai pengharapan.



by Dee1053
Kenapa harus cinta???

by Dian
Cinta itu, jika hatimu merasa pedih dan sakit walau sekuat apa dia saat itu... (maybe)..

by Bowo
Di Mikrolet saya pernah baca : "CINTA ITU SEPERTI KENTUT" , ditahan sakit perut, dikeluarin bikin ribut :)

by Fierda
kirim* ke email I yah!

by Ning_Tse
cinta...
indah,tawa,tangis.....
anugrah yang harus disyukuri
nikmat yang harus dirasakan
rasakan dengan hatimu
tunjukan dengan sikapmu
jangan katakan dengan mulutmu
katakan dengan belaianmu
penuhi dengan sayangmu
pupuk dengan setiamu
bahagianya....
seandainya ada yang mencintaiku dengan sayang
sekarang aku mencoba
merasakan cinta
walau kadang cinta membuatku menderita
tapi.....
hidup butuh cinta
iya kan......
buat sygku, aku sangat merindukanmu----D'maN

by Adinda
Cinta.. datang tak diundang.. bila cinta berputik dan mekar.. bahagia dan indahnya tak dapat digambarkan.. hati sentiasa gembira.. tetapi sengsara menahan rindu pabila berjauhan.. cinta sentiasa memberi kita harapan untuk hari esok.. cinta itu memang sakti.. untuk mereka yang telah menemuinya.

by Jurandi
Cinta hadir dari dalam hati, cinta bukan untuk dipermainkan.
by Go Kong
Haha Pat Kay.. Pat Kay dari dulu kamu memang tidak berubah selalu saja mengharapkan cinta dasar babi gendut hehe...

by Harefa
jangan berkara tidak
bila kau jatuh cinta...
terus terang sajalah buat apa berdusta...
cinta itu anugerah.. maka berbahagialah..
sebab kita sengsara bila tak punya cinta,,,,
rintangan pasti akan menghadang.. cobaan pasti datang menghujan...
namun yakinlah bahwa cinta itu kan membuat.. mengerti akan arti kehidupan...

by Map
Good... btw gimana sih cara ngirim cerita ke sini.

by Anik
Cinta yaa.... lebih baek klo cinta itu untuk sesuatu yang lebih universal soale klo cuman pacar sih terlalu superfisial maknanya untuk sebuah CINTA.

by Icha
Cinta itu indah
Melangkah kebersamaan
Merasakan kehangatan
Melupakan derita luka
Membakar api kemuliaan
Gelora Cinta ama TUHAN
Semangat dihidupkan kembali
Hati semakin dimurnikan
Cinta sejati bersama TUHAN
Rasakan cintanya TUHAN
Lupakan kegelisahanmu
Bawa ke hadirat tahta TUHAN
Selamanya
Cintaku untuk TUHAN

by Yana
Cinta,,,, kata orang cinta itu indah,, cinta itu menyenangkan,,, cinta itu buat kita buta segalanya,,,, namun beda ,,,, bagiku cinta itu menyakitkan,,, cinta penyiksaan,, cinta itu buat aku perih dalam segalanya..

by Fee3_24117
Aku gak menyangka apa yang tersirat dan tersurat didalamnya begitu dalam.. dan sejujurnya saja saat ini aku baru mengalaminya.. aku berada dalam alam penantian yang panjang dan tanpa kepastian.. tapi aku menikmatinya karena bagiku tiada yang lebih indah selain kita bisa mencintai dan mencintai itu lebih indah ketimbang dicintai.. meskipun kita tahu itu sebuah cinta yang tak kan terbalaskan.. teruntuk orang yang aku cintai, memang kesetiaan haruslah dibayar mahal.. tapi aku akan tetap menunggumu dengan setia sampai waktunya tiba dan semua akan ada jawabannya...

by Nina
Cinta itu tidak perlu dipertanyakan, pasti ada dan rasakan...

by Yandi
Setiap orang pasti ingin dicintai dan mencintai. Mencintai orang lain itu mudah tapi mencintai diri sendiri itu sangat sulit. klo engkau ingin mencintai seseorang belajarlah mencintai dirimu sendiri.

by Some People
Cinta.. sebuah kata yang mempunyai sejuta makna, yang tak pernah terungkap. Seorang jatuh cinta berasal dari hati, cinta tak pernah bisa dikendalikan, kapan dia datang dan kapan pula dia pergi. Tak seorangpun dapat menentukannya. Cinta tak harus memiliki, cinta bukan paksaan, cinta adalah anugrah dari Tuhan untuk kita semua yang tidak bisa dijadikan permainan.

by Adrimar Ch.
Dari Juli 2001 hingga Sept 2004.. telah setia orang membaca puisimu tentang Cinta. Orang yg dapat mengungkapkan cinta pastilah membutuhkan usaha untuk pernah mencoba melakukannya. Sebab cinta memang mudah untuk dikhayalkan dan mudah pula untuk melukai. Hanya orang yang memiliki cintalah yang mampu mencintai untuk memberi dan tidak meminta. Cinta adalah anugerah. Maka Cintailah "CINTA".

by Giri Malang
Hai cinta rangga mana?? Bagaimana dengan Cinta Buta???

by Royz Iskandar
Cinta Pertama Adalah Kenangan... Cinta Kedua Merupakan Pengajaran... Cinta Yang Seterusnya Adalah Satu Keperluan... Karena Kehidupan Tanpa Cinta Ibarat Seperti Pelayaran Yang Tiada Perhentian... Ada Apa Dengan Cinta..?

by Daniel Fernando
CINTA itu...
Rasa nyeri dan kegembiraan yang tidak bisa digambarkan dengan kata-kata.
Mau menerima setiap kesalahan dan rela memaafkan.
Ketertarikan kepada orang lain namun masih setia kepada orang yang dicintai.
Dengan tulus memberikan hati kita,kehidupan kita,dan kematian kita.
Hatipun turut tercabik dan terluka saat siDia sedang sedih dan sakit.
Perasaan ingin selalu membelainya,memeluknya dengan penuh kasih sayang.

Animasi Buatan Indonesia

Ketemu sebuah video animasi buatan orang Indonesia di Youtube. Video yang menggambarkan gaya berbicara teman-teman yang tinggal di Surabaya ini dibuat dengan sederhana, tapi karena isinya tersebut, video ini pasti benar-benar menarik, khususnya bagi teman-teman yang asli Surabaya. Hehehe.

[Alert: Video ini berisi kata-kata yang mungkin kurang layak bagi sebagian orang, jadi tidak disarankan untuk ditonton oleh minoritas (?) atau mayoritas (?) tersebut. Oh iya, videonya dalam bahasa Jawa, tapi juga memiliki terjemahan bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris]

klik here

What is Anime ??

Anime (アニメ?, an abbreviated pronunciation in Japanese of "animation", pronounced [anime] ( listen) in Japanese, but typically /ˈænəˌmeɪ/ (help·info) or /ˈænəˌmə/ in English) is animation originating in Japan. The world outside Japan regards anime as "Japanese animation".[1] Anime originated about 1917.[2]



While the earliest known Japanese animation dates from 1917,[2] and many original Japanese cartoons were produced in the ensuing decades, the characteristic anime style developed in the 1960s - notably with the work of Osamu Tezuka - and became known outside Japan in the 1980s.

Anime, like manga, has a large audience in Japan and high recognition throughout the world.[citation needed] Distributors can release anime via television broadcasts, directly to video, or theatrically, as well as online.

Both hand-drawn and computer-animated anime exist. It is used in television series, films, video, video games, commercials, and internet-based releases, and represents most, if not all, genres of fiction. Anime gained early[when?] popularity in East and Southeast Asia and has garnered more-recent popularity in the Western World

History

Anime began at the start of the 20th century, when Japanese filmmakers experimented with the animation techniques also pioneered in France, Germany, the United States, and Russia.[3] The oldest known anime in existence first screened in 1917 – a two-minute clip of a samurai trying to test a new sword on his target, only to suffer defeat.[4][5] Early pioneers included Shimokawa Oten, Jun'ichi Kouchi, and Seitarō Kitayama.[6]

By the 1930s animation became an alternative format of storytelling to the live-action industry in Japan. But it suffered competition from foreign producers and many animators, such as Noburō Ōfuji and Yasuji Murata still worked in cheaper cutout not cel animation, although with masterful results.[7] Other creators, such as Kenzō Masaoka and Mitsuyo Seo, nonetheless made great strides in animation technique, especially with increasing help from a government using animation in education and propaganda.[8] The first talkie anime was Chikara to Onna no Yo no Naka, produced by Masaoka in 1933.[9][10] The first feature length animated film was Momotaro's Divine Sea Warriors directed by Seo in 1945 with sponsorship by the Imperial Japanese Navy.[11]

The success of The Walt Disney Company's 1937 feature film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs influenced Japanese animators.[12] In the 1960s, manga artist and animator Osamu Tezuka adapted and simplified many Disney animation-techniques to reduce costs and to limit the number of frames in productions. He intended this as a temporary measure to allow him to produce material on a tight schedule with inexperienced animation-staff.

The 1970s saw a surge of growth in the popularity of manga – many of them later animated. The work of Osamu Tezuka drew particular attention: he has been called[by whom?] a "legend"[13] and the "god of manga".[14][15] His work – and that of other pioneers in the field – inspired characteristics and genres that remain fundamental elements of anime today. The giant robot genre (known as "Mecha" outside Japan), for instance, took shape under Tezuka, developed into the Super Robot genre under Go Nagai and others, and was revolutionized at the end of the decade by Yoshiyuki Tomino who developed the Real Robot genre. Robot anime like the Gundam and The Super Dimension Fortress Macross series became instant classics in the 1980s, and the robot genre of anime is still one of the most common in Japan and worldwide today. In the 1980s, anime became more accepted in the mainstream in Japan (although less than manga), and experienced a boom in production. Following a few successful adaptations of anime in overseas markets in the 1980s, anime gained increased acceptance in those markets in the 1990s and even more at the turn of the 21st century.
Terminology
Japanese write the English term "animation" in katakana as アニメーション (animēshon, pronounced [animeːɕoɴ]), and it is widely assumed[by whom?] that the term アニメ (anime, pronounced [anime] ( listen) in Japanese) emerged in the 1970s as an abbreviation.[citation needed] Others claim that the word derives from the French phrase dessin animé.[3][16] Japanese-speakers use both the original and abbreviated forms interchangeably, but the shorter form occurs more commonly.

The pronunciation of anime in Japanese, [anime], differs significantly from the Standard English /ˈænɪmeɪ/, which has different vowels and stress. (In Japanese each mora carries equal stress.) As with a few other Japanese words such as saké, Pokémon, and Kobo Abé, English-language texts sometimes spell anime as animé (as in French), with an acute accent over the final e, to cue the reader to pronounce the letter, not to leave it silent as English orthography might suggest.
Word usage

In Japan, the term anime does not specify an animation's nation of origin or style; instead, it serves as a blanket term to refer to all forms of animation from around the world.[17][18] English-language dictionaries define anime as "a Japanese style of motion-picture animation" or as "a style of animation developed in Japan".[19] Non-Japanese works that borrow stylization from anime are commonly referred to as "anime-influenced animation" but it is not unusual for a viewer who does not know the country of origin of such material to refer to it as simply "anime". Some works result from co-productions with non-Japanese companies, such as most of the traditionally animated Rankin/Bass works, the Cartoon Network and Production I.G series IGPX or Ōban Star-Racers; different viewers may or may not consider these anime.

In the UK, many video shops will classify all adult-oriented animated videos in the "Anime" section for convenience, regardless of whether they show any stylistic similarities to Japanese animation. No evidence suggests that this has led to any change in the use of the word.[citation needed]

In English, anime, when used as a common noun, normally functions as a mass noun (for example: "Do you watch anime?", "How much anime have you collected?").[20] However, in casual usage the word also appears as a count noun. Anime can also be used as a suppletive adjective or classifier noun ("The anime Guyver is different from the movie Guyver").
Synonyms

English-speakers occasionally refer to anime as "Japanimation", but this term has fallen into disuse.[21] "Japanimation" saw the most usage during the 1970s and 1980s, but the term "anime" supplanted it in the mid-1990s as the material became more widely known in English-speaking countries.[22] In general, the term now only appears in nostalgic contexts.[22] Although the term was coined[by whom?] outside Japan to refer to animation imported from Japan, it is now used primarily in Japan, to refer to domestic animation[citation needed]; since "anime" does not identify the country of origin in Japanese usage, "Japanimation" is used to distinguish Japanese work from that of the rest of the world.[22]

In Japan, "manga" can additionally refer to both animation and comics (although the use of "manga" to refer to animation mostly occurs only among non-fans).[citation needed] Among English speakers, "manga" usually has the stricter meaning of "Japanese comics", in parallel to the usage of "anime" in and outside of Japan. The prominence of Manga Entertainment, a distributor of anime to the US and UK markets, may have influenced this usage. Because Manga Entertainment originated in the UK, the term occurs commonly outside Japan.[citation needed] The term "ani-manga" has been used[by whom?] to collectively refer to anime and manga, though it is also a term used to describe comics produced from animation cels
Visual characteristics
Many commentators refer to anime as an art form.[24] As a visual medium, it can emphasize visual styles. The styles can vary from artist to artist or from studio to studio. Some titles make extensive use of common stylization: FLCL, for example, has a reputation for wild, exaggerated stylization. Other titles use different methods: Only Yesterday or Jin-Roh take much more realistic approaches, featuring few stylistic exaggerations; Pokémon uses drawings which specifically do not distinguish the nationality of characters.[25]

While different titles and different artists have their own artistic styles, many stylistic elements have become so common that people[who?] describe them as definitive of anime in general. However, this does not mean that all modern anime share one strict, common art-style. Many anime have a very different art style from what would commonly be called "anime style", yet fans still use the word "anime" to refer to these titles. Generally, the most common form of anime drawings include "exaggerated physical features such as large eyes, big hair and elongated limbs... and dramatically shaped speech bubbles, speed lines and onomatopoeic, exclamatory typography."[26]

The influences of Japanese calligraphy and Japanese painting also characterize linear qualities of the anime style. The round ink brush traditionally used for writing kanji and for painting, produces a stroke of widely varying thickness.

Anime also tends to borrow many elements from manga, including text in the background and panel layouts. For example, an opening may employ manga panels to tell the story, or to dramatize a point for humorous effect. See for example the anime Kare Kano.
Character design
Proportions

Body proportions emulated in anime come from proportions of the human body. The height of the head is considered[by whom?] as the base unit of proportion. Head heights can vary as long as the remainder of the body remains proportional. Most anime characters are about seven to eight heads tall, and extreme heights are set[by whom?] around nine heads tall.[27]

Variations to proportion can be modded[by whom?]. Super-deformed characters feature a non-proportionally small body compared to the head. Sometimes specific body parts, like legs, are shortened[by whom?] or elongated for added emphasis. Most super deformed characters are two to four heads tall. Some anime works like Crayon Shin-chan completely disregard these proportions, such that they resemble Western cartoons. For exaggeration, certain body features are increased[by whom?] in proportion.[27]
Eye styles

Many anime and manga characters feature large eyes. Osamu Tezuka, who is believed to have been the first to use this technique, was inspired by the exaggerated features of American cartoon characters such as Betty Boop, Mickey Mouse, and Disney's Bambi.[3][28] Tezuka found that large eyes style allowed his characters to show emotions distinctly. When Tezuka began drawing Ribbon no Kishi, the first manga specifically targeted at young girls, Tezuka further exaggerated the size of the characters' eyes. Indeed, through Ribbon no Kishi, Tezuka set a stylistic template that later shōjo artists tended to follow.

Coloring is added to give eyes, particularly to the cornea, some depth. The depth is accomplished by applying variable color shading. Generally, a mixture of a light shade, the tone color, and a dark shade is used.[29][30] Cultural anthropologist Matt Thorn argues that Japanese animators and audiences do not perceive such stylized eyes as inherently more or less foreign.[31]

However, not all anime have large eyes. For example, some of the work of Hayao Miyazaki and Toshiro Kawamoto are known for having realistically proportioned eyes, as well as realistic hair colors on their characters.[32] In addition many other productions also have been known to use smaller eyes. This design tends to have more resemblance to traditional Japanese art.[original research?] Some characters have even smaller eyes, where simple black dots are used. However, many western audiences associate anime with large detailed eyes.[citation needed]
Facial expressions

Anime characters may employ wide variety of facial expressions to denote moods and thoughts.[33] These techniques are often different in form than their counterparts in western animation.

There are a number of other stylistic elements that are common to conventional anime as well but more often used in comedies. Characters that are shocked or surprised will perform a "face fault", in which they display an extremely exaggerated expression. Angry characters may exhibit a "vein" or "stress mark" effect, where lines representing bulging veins will appear on their forehead. Angry women will sometimes summon a mallet from nowhere and strike someone with it, leading to the concept of Hammerspace and cartoon physics. Male characters will develop a bloody nose around their female love interests (typically to indicate arousal, based on an old wives' tale).[34] Embarrassed characters either produce a massive sweat-drop (which has become one of the most widely recognized motifs of conventional anime) or produce a visibly red blush or set of parallel (sometimes squiggly) lines beneath the eyes, especially as a manifestation of repressed romantic feelings. Some anime, usually with political plots and other more serious subject matters, have abandoned the use of these techniques.
Animation technique
Main article: Animation

Like all animation, the production processes of storyboarding, voice acting, character design, cel production and so on still apply. With improvements in computer technology, computer animation increased the efficiency of the whole production process.

Anime is often considered a form of limited animation. That means that stylistically, even in bigger productions the conventions of limited animation are used to fool the eye into thinking there is more movement than there is.[3] Many of the techniques used are comprised with cost-cutting measures while working under a set budget.

Anime scenes place emphasis on achieving three-dimensional views. Backgrounds depict the scenes' atmosphere.[3] For example, anime often puts emphasis on changing seasons, as can be seen in numerous anime, such as Tenchi Muyo!. Sometimes actual settings have been duplicated into an anime. The backgrounds for the Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya are based on various locations within the suburb of Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.[35]

Camera angles, camera movement, and lighting play an important role in scenes. Directors often have the discretion of determining viewing angles for scenes, particularly regarding backgrounds. In addition, camera angles show perspective.[36] Directors can also choose camera effects within cinematography, such as panning, zooming, facial closeup, and panoramic.[37]

The large majority of anime uses traditional animation, which better allows for division of labor, pose to pose approach and checking of drawings before they are shot – practices favoured by the anime industry.[38] Other mediums are mostly limited to independently-made short films,[39] examples of which are the silhouette and other cutout animation of Noburō Ōfuji,[38][40] the stop motion puppet animation of Tadahito Mochinaga, Kihachirō Kawamoto[41] and Tomoyasu Murata[42] and the computer animation of Satoshi Tomioka[43] (most famously Usavich).[44]
Distribution
See also: Anime licensing

While anime had entered markets beyond Japan in the 1960s, it grew as a major cultural export during its market expansion during the 1980s and 1990s. The anime market for the United States alone is "worth approximately $4.35 billion, according to the Japan External Trade Organization".[45] Anime has also been a commercial success in Asia, Europe and Latin America, where anime has become even more mainstream than in the United States. For example, the Saint Seiya video game was released in Europe due to the popularity of the show even years after the series has been off-air.

Anime distribution companies handled the licensing and distribution of anime outside Japan. Licensed anime is modified by distributors through dubbing into the language of the country and adding language subtitles to the Japanese language track. Using a similar global distribution pattern as Hollywood, the world is divided into five regions.

Some editing of cultural references may occur to better follow the references of the non-Japanese culture.[46] Certain companies may remove any objectionable content, complying with domestic law. This editing process was far more prevalent in the past (e.g. Voltron), but its use has declined because of the demand for anime in its original form. This "light touch" approach to localization has favored viewers formerly unfamiliar with anime. The use of such methods is evident by the success of Naruto and Cartoon Network's Adult Swim programming block, both of which employ minor edits.[citation needed] Robotech and Star Blazers were the earliest attempts to present anime (albeit still modified) to North American television audiences without harsh censoring for violence and mature themes.

With the advent of DVD, it became possible to include multiple language tracks into a simple product. This was not the case with VHS cassette, in which separate VHS media were used and with each VHS cassette priced the same as a single DVD. The "light touch" approach also applies to DVD releases as they often include both the dubbed audio and the original Japanese audio with subtitles, typically unedited. Anime edited for television is usually released on DVD "uncut", with all scenes intact.

TV networks regularly broadcast anime programming. In Japan, major national TV networks, such as TV Tokyo broadcast anime regularly. Smaller regional stations broadcast anime under the UHF. In the United States, cable TV channels such as Cartoon Network, Disney, Syfy, and others dedicate some of their timeslots to anime. Some, such as the Anime Network and the FUNimation Channel, specifically show anime. Sony-based Animax and Disney's Jetix channel broadcast anime within many countries in the world. AnimeCentral solely broadcasts anime in the UK.

Although it violates copyright laws in many countries, some fans add subtitles to anime on their own. These are distributed as fansubs. The ethical implications of producing, distributing, or watching fansubs are topics of much controversy even when fansub groups do not profit from their activities. Once the series has been licensed outside of Japan, fansub groups often cease distribution of their work. In one case, Media Factory Incorporated requested that no fansubs of their material be made, which was respected by the fansub community.[47] In another instance, Bandai specifically thanked fansubbers for their role in helping to make The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya popular in the English speaking world.[48]

The Internet has played a significant role in the exposure of anime beyond Japan. Prior to the 1990s, anime had limited exposure beyond Japan's borders. Coincidentally, as the popularity of the Internet grew, so did interest in anime. Much of the fandom of anime grew through the Internet. The combination of internet communities and increasing amounts of anime material, from video to images, helped spur the growth of fandom.[49] As the Internet gained more widespread use, Internet advertising revenues grew from 1.6 billion yen to over 180 billion yen between 1995 and 2005.[50]
Influence on world culture

Anime has become commercially profitable in western countries, as early commercially successful western adaptations of anime, such as Astro Boy, have revealed.[51] The phenomenal success of Nintendo's multi-billion dollar Pokémon franchise[52] was helped greatly by the spin-off anime series that, first broadcast in the late 1990s, is still running worldwide to this day. In doing so, anime has made significant impacts upon Western culture. Since the 19th century, many Westerners have expressed a particular interest towards Japan. Anime dramatically exposed more Westerners to the culture of Japan. Aside from anime, other facets of Japanese culture increased in popularity.[53] Worldwide, the number of people studying Japanese increased. In 1984, the Japanese Language Proficiency Test was devised to meet increasing demand.[54] Anime-influenced animation refers to non-Japanese works of animation that emulate the visual style of anime.[55] Most of these works are created by studios in the United States, Europe, and non-Japanese Asia; and they generally incorporate stylizations, methods, and gags described in anime physics, as in the case of Avatar: The Last Airbender. Often, production crews either are fans of anime or are required to view anime.[56] Some creators cite anime as a source of inspiration with their own series.[57][58] Furthermore, a French production team for Ōban Star-Racers moved to Tokyo to collaborate with a Japanese production team from Hal Film Maker.[59] Critics and the general anime fanbase do not consider them as anime.[60]

Some American animated television-series have singled out anime styling with satirical intent, for example South Park (with "Chinpokomon" and with "Good Times with Weapons"). South Park has a notable drawing style, itself parodied in "Brittle Bullet", the fifth episode of the anime FLCL, released several months after "Chinpokomon" aired. This intent on satirizing anime is the springboard for the basic premise of Kappa Mikey, a Nicktoons Network original cartoon. Even clichés normally found in anime are parodied in some series, such as Perfect Hair Forever. Anime conventions began to appear in the early 1990s, during the Anime boom, starting with Anime Expo, Animethon, Otakon, and JACON. Currently anime conventions are held annually in various cities across the Americas, Asia, and Europe.[61] Many attendees participate in cosplay, where they dress up as anime characters. Also, guests from Japan ranging from artists, directors, and music groups are invited. In addition to anime conventions, anime clubs have become prevalent in colleges, high schools, and community centers as a way to publicly exhibit anime as well as broadening Japanese cultural understanding.[62]
Anime and American audiences

The Japanese term otaku is used in America as a term for anime fans, more particularly the obsessive ones. The negative connotations associated with the word in Japan have disappeared in its American context, where it instead connotes the pride of the fans. Only in the recent decade or so has there been a more casual viewership outside the devoted otaku fan base, which can be attributed highly to technological advances. Also, shows like Pokémon and Dragon Ball Z provided a pivotal introduction of anime's conventions, animation methods, and Shinto influences to many American children.

Ancient Japanese myths – often deriving from the animistic nature worship of Shinto – have influenced anime greatly, but most American audiences not accustomed to anime know very little of these foreign texts and customs. For example, an average American viewing the live-action TV show Hercules will be no stranger to the Greek myths and legends it is based on, while the same person watching the show Tenchi Muyo! might not understand that the pleated ropes wrapped around the "space trees" are influenced by the ancient legend of Amaterasu and Susano.[63]

See also
Anime industry
Anime music video
Animated cartoon
Wikt:Glossary:Japanese film credit terms
Original video animation
Q-version
Seiyū
Hentai
Anime and manga fandom
List of anime companies
List of anime conventions
List of anime series by episode count (for long-running series)
List of anime theatrically released in America
List of animated television series
List of animated feature-length films

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