Thursday

Trafalgar Law "One Piece"

Trafalgar Law is the captain and doctor of the Heart Pirates, a pirate crew from the North Blue, and one of eleven pirates who have been referred to as "The Eleven Supernovas" on Sabaody Archipelago whose bounties are higher than Bsymbol.gif100,000,000 when the Straw Hats arrived in the place. He has the fifth highest bounty in the Eleven Supernovas. Law, like many other pirates, also dreams of finding One Piece.



Statistics
Japanese Name: トラファルガー・ロー
Romanized Name: Torafarugā Rō
English Name: Trafalgar Law
First Appearance: Chapter 498; Episode 392
Affiliations: Heart Pirates
Occupations: Pirate; Captain; Doctor
Epithet: Surgeon of Death (死の外科医 Shi no Gekai)
Japanese VA: Hiroshi Kamiya
Birthday: October 6th[1]
Bounty: Bsymbol10.gif200,000,000

Appearance

Law is a slim man of average height. As for his facial features, he has faint shadows right under both eyes and his mouth is constantly seen in a smile. He has black hair, a majority of which is obscured, save for his equally-dark sideburns on the sides of his face and his small black goatee, by the northern-style fur hat that Law wears, which is white and has spots on the bottom and along the rim.

He is seen wearing a black-sleeved yellow hoodie with his Jolly Roger out on the front of his chest and the sleeves rolled up. Law also sports a pair of jeans with odd markings on both the knee and ankle areas, similar to the ones on his hat, but darker in colour, and a pair of dark, pointed shoes. He also sports a pair of small earrings on each ear.

He has many tribal-style tattoos on his arms; on his left hand, in particular, are the letters D, E, A, T, and H tattooed in black each on the back of his fingers. Originally in the manga, only his thumb was not tattooed, with the letter A missing. Later on, all of his fingers were tattooed complete with all five letters.

Law also carries along a nodachi which he uses in conjunction with his Devil Fruit powers. It is a large sword with an oblong-shaped hand-guard coated with short white fur, sheated in a black scabbard decorated by white crosses from the opening to the bottom, and with a small piece of red rope tied near its opening. Due to its size, Law usually carries this sword over his shoulder (in contrast to the other sword-wielding characters in the series, who either carry theirs on their hips or over their backs); yet in other times, he delegates one of his crewmates (namely Bepo) to carry this sword for him.


Personality

That's the guy from North Blue, with the Bsymbol.gif200,000,000.. Trafalgar Law... I've heard rumors about him, and they weren't pleasant. His manners aren't too good either...

— Kid about Law

Law is an extremely laid-back character, who is nearly always seen smiling (although not with a huge grin, like fellow Supernova Urouge). He also has a more reckless attitude when faced against other pirates that the World Government has labeled as a higher threat. For example, he casually asked X. Drake how many people he had slain in his very first appearance, and had no qualms about flipping off Eustass Kid, the most wanted Supernova on the Archipelago (even smiling defiantly when doing so). However, he hates being ordered around, as evidenced of his frown and following reply when Kid told him and Monkey D. Luffy to stay back as he would hold off the attacking Marines. He is, however, capable of knowing when he and his immediate Crew are in a pinch, and is not above resorting to forging brief alliances with rivals for survival. He speaks in a politely sarcastic manner. He appears to be honorable enough to refuse taking credit that is due to others. This is seen when he replied to Jean Bart that his gratitude is also deserved by Luffy when the former slave offered his gratitude to the Pirate Captain.

Law has displayed a more competitive side about him in the anime where he, along with Kid and Luffy, got into a childish argument about who gets to take down the marines stationed just outside the Human Auctioning House when the three Supernovas came out to confront them. In contrast, he does not seem as eager to reach the New World as the other Supernova crews are, believing that One Piece will still be there regardless while the other crews fight amongst themselves, and that he needs to steal the throne "properly". This cautiousness proved to Luffy's advantage, since Law was one of the few people who knew what really happened to the Straw Hat Captain after the aftermath of the War on the Summit

Law also appears to have a sense of honor (or at least respect for those he sees as potential rivals in the future), which is seen when he appears at Marineford and claims he will help Luffy, because it would be "too lame" if his future enemy were to die. This is in stark contrast to what most people seemed to think about him, since Scratchmen Apoo claimed that Law was infamous for his cruelty.

Law is also very blunt when responding to people. Such occasions include when Ivankov asked if Law was a friend of Luffy, to which he replied "no," and even offered to make an excuse to make Ivankov feel better about him saving Luffy. Soon after, a wounded Jinbe went to thank him, only for Law to reply that Jinbe would die if he didn't sleep. Later when Jinbe asked what would happen to Luffy if he was allowed to run rampant while still wounded, Law replied that the outcome was simple: Luffy's wounds would open up and he would die.

Relationships

Crew

He is very open to new crewmates when he asks the ex-slave Pirate Captain Jean Bart to join. It has been shown that his crew is very admiring of Law, as they abide by his orders regardless of what they are.

Bepo

He also has a bear crew member Bepo, who is a master of martial arts. He and Bepo seem to have a close relationship, as Bepo does not object to Law reclining on his soft body.

Jean Bart

Law met the Pirate Captain-turned slave Jean Bart right after parting ways with both Luffy and Kid during the Tenryuubito Incident, where rather than heading immediately back to the Heart Pirates vessel, Law instead retreated back to the Auction House where Jean Bart was, and with his World Noble masters put out of action, Law invited Bart to be part of his Crew, to which the latter immediately agreed, expressing his gratitude, with Law only replying that he should give half his thanks towards Luffy. He appears to be quite loyal towards his liberator, executing any command Law may issue to the best of his ability

Rivals/Enemies

As a Supernova, he sees the other Bsymbol.gif100,000,000+ bounty rookies he encountered in the Sabaondy Archipelago as his rivals, though he seems to be focused more on Kid and especially Luffy. He, Kid, and Luffy have all agreed to meet again in the New World.

Monkey D. Luffy

Law first encountered Luffy in the Human Auctioning House where the latter gained his attention after striking down a Tenryuubito in front of everyone; Law, like Kid, could only smile at Luffy's defiance of the consequences. He seems to have some respect for Luffy, as shown after defeating the marines outside the Human Auction House. Also, he and his crew traveled to Marineford during the Whitebeard War to assist with Luffy's escape, and then later administer life-saving treatment to the Straw Hat. As he said, while Luffy would one day be his enemy, an enemy relationship is still a relationship and that it would be a "damned shame" for Luffy to die at Marineford.

Eustass Kid

In comparison to Luffy, Law's interactions with Eustass Kid were nowhere near as hospitable. In the manga, he flipped Kid the finger when Law (presumably) overheard Kid talking behind his back regarding rumors of how Law's manners appear to be rather lacking. Later on, when Kid volunteered to deal with the Marines amassing outside of the Auctioning House as a farewell gift to Rayleigh as well as the Straw Hats and the Heart Pirates, both Law and Luffy took Kid's cockiness as an insult and opted to follow him outside in order to compete with the fellow super rookie. When Kid insisted that he alone is sufficient enough for the task and orders the other two to step down, Law was the first to retaliate by stating he'll take Kid out first should he order him about one more time. Nevertheless, he sided once again with Kid after the two crews were confronted by a Pacifista

X. Drake

It is possible that he personally knows his fellow Supernova X. Drake, most likely because of the fact that both of them came from North Blue. Also, when first seeing him on the Archipelago he casually asked him how many people he had slain.

Abilities and Powers

Law prepares for a surgery, as seen in the anime.
GMTailsAdded by GMTails

Law is a fearsome pirate who, along with most of his crew, proved resistant to Rayleigh's burst of Haki that took out almost everyone in the Auction house. He is also apparently quite fearless, as he allowed several Marines to get within close-range of him on Sabaody Archipelago, despite being a long-range fighter.

He has earned the nickname "Surgeon of Death" due to his medical powers in addition to his formidable combat abilities. He appears to be considerably skilled as a doctor, as he was able to treat Monkey D. Luffy and Jinbe right after both of them barely escaped a murderous Akainu that left them, particularly the former, on the brink of death. The mere fact that he was able to stabilize Jinbe's condition strongly hints that Law's medical expertise is not limited to human anatomy alone.

Devil Fruit

Merchandise
Law using "Room: Shambles".
Buh6173Added by Buh6173

Law is a possessor of a Devil Fruit that allows him to create a spherical territory of light blue aura. In this territory, he is capable of separating and spatially displacing anything and everything inside. With his powers, he is capable of making it seems like he can swiftly slice people up into pieces from a distance with his sword. He can also attach separated parts in any manner he sees fit, such as sticking someone's head to a barrel. People separated by this ability aren't killed, and can still feel their separated parts, regardless of the distance they were separated from each other (much like Buggy when he separates himself using the Bara Bara no Mi). The effect persists even after Law disengages the sphere. How, or even if, the separated parts can be reassembled is unclear. It also seems that he can switch people's places as he did with Jean Bart and Bepo to protect the latter from a Pacifista.

The weakness of the technique seems to be the concentration required to maintain it. Law appears to be unable to move around while the technique is active without nullifying it. The ability also seems to require him to gesture with his hands to centralize the effects upon its victims. The full extent of this ability remains unknown at this time. Other than that, he has the same standard weaknesses as all Devil Fruit users.

He also seems to be able to make a smaller area, circling just below his hand, seen when he was prepared to fight one of the Pacifista alongside Eustass Kid. What this technique is has yet to be determined,though seeing as how his Room is formed, it can be used to make a quicker Room.

In One Piece: Gigant Battle's opening, he is seen creating a small area around his body to protect himself from attacks.

Attacks

  • Room (ルーム, Rūmu): Law creates a spherical space around his targets, which is then used for the next attack, which can be Shambles. In the Viz Manga this attack is also called Room. This was first seen used against some Marines during the escape from the Human Auction House.
    • Shambles (シャンブルズ, Shanburuzu): Within the space created from Room, Law can separate the limbs of his targets and rearrange them to his likings, causing massive confusion for his opponents. Law can also use this to re-direct incoming projectiles. An example is when he displaced a decapitated Marine's head for a cannonball coming toward him, attaching the ball of iron back to where the Marine's head used to be. This was first seen being used against some Marines during the escape from the Human Auction House. In the Viz Manga this attack is also called Shambles.

Weapons

Law's choice of weapon is a large version of the typical Japanese sword type known as nodachi. He appears to be quite skilled with it, being able to slice up targets from a distance (although this effect may be attributed to his Devil Fruit power).

History



Sabaody Archipelago Arc

Like the other Supernovas, he was first shown having arrived at the Archipelago with his crew before heading for the New World. He was the final Supernova to be introduced, seen sitting on a crate as X Drake, another Supernova, passed by after having broken up a fight between Urouge and Killer, before he asked how many people Drake had slain (in the anime, he was apparently on the scene moments before Drake appeared, clearly enjoying the fight between Urouge and Killer).

Later, Eustass Kid observed him in the Auction House on Grove 1, where he revealed that what he had heard about Law was not very pleasant. Law replied with flipping him off, causing Kid to note that Law was lacking manners. As the auctioning continued, Law only observed in boredom.

After Monkey D. Luffy attacked one of the World Nobles, he was seen smiling at the reckless action that his fellow Supernova had performed. A short while after, Law revealed to Luffy that the auction house was surrounded by Marines, since the Archipelago was so close to Marine Headquarters (although Luffy was more interested in the bear who was with Law).

Law, Luffy and Kid confront the Marines.
Buh6173Added by Buh6173

Later, after Silvers Rayleigh had knocked out the majority of the soldiers standing in the pirates way, he was seen still standing, along with his crew, the Straw-Hats, Kid, Killer, and their crew as well. As the Straw-Hats and Rayleigh prepare to leave the Auction House before the admiral show up, Kid told Luffy and Law to stay back as he would hold off the Marine grunts, much to both Law's and Luffy's annoyance (Law even went as far as to tell Kid that he would finish him off too if he ordered him around again). Then, the trio demonstrated their Devil Fruit powers to hold off the Marines, Law utilizing a field where he replaced a grunt's head with a cannon ball fired at him. As the fight continued, Law was busy with switching around the Marine soldiers body parts in order to confuse them and beat them.

Later, when the trio had defeated the first wave, Law noted that Luffy had shrunk due to the side-effects of Gear 3rd. After everyone had exited the Auction House, the Marines began a heavier assault on the pirates. At that moment, when Luffy proclaimed that he will be the one to find One Piece (which caught Law's and Kid's attention), Kid told Law and Luffy that the three would meet each other in the New World, to which Law only smiled. Then, as a bigger Marine grunt tried to attack him, he ordered his bear companion, Bepo, to attack them, but he was done fighting. Before he exited the scene, he recruited Captain Jean Bert, a former slave of Saint Roswald, into his crew, to which the captain accepted whole-heartedly, although Law told him that half of the thanks would have to go to "Mister Straw Hat".

Law and Kid vs. Pacifista.
GenocyberAdded by Genocyber

Afterward he and his crew make an escape but come across the Kid Pirates fighting a Pacifista. Kuma attacks him with an energy blast but he manages to avoid it before he and Kid prepare to fight the Pacifista.[6] The events of this battle are not shown but him and his crew manage to escape the Pacifista and the Admiral.

Marineford arc

During the Whitebeard War, Law and his crew were initially present on the Sabaody Archipelago where the broadcast of Ace's execution was being shown. He was presumably watching the events at Marineford unfold, along with his fellow Supernovas, as he ordered Bepo and Jean Bart to set sail immediately after the broadcast was cut.

Law and his crew arrive at Marineford.
KlobisAdded by Klobis

Towards the end of the battle, as Jinbe and Buggy fled the conflict with a critically injured Luffy, Law emerged from the ocean in his ship, a submarine. With Bepo and Jean Bart at his back, Law told Buggy that he is a doctor, and ordered him to hand over Luffy for medical treatment. He claimed that although Straw Hat may become an enemy of his in the future, Law would not allow that destiny to go unfulfilled by letting him die now.

As the war gets more intense, Law continues to tell Buggy to drop Luffy and Jinbe to his ship. Just as Buggy is about to, he is shot through his shoulder by Kizaru and throws them at Law's ship as he flees. As Jean Bart catches them he orders his crew to dive, but as soon as they're leaving, Kizaru shows up and tries to capture them. Luckily, the distraction of Coby and the Red Hair Pirates allows them to leave the battle ground. But before his vessel could fully submerge, Buggy, who was convinced by Shanks to help return his hat back to Luffy (for a treasure map that the Yonkou was supposedly willing to give in exchange for Buggy's services), threw Luffy's signature hat at the submarines opening hatch right before Law sealed it off, and was promptly caught by Law. He then commenced to supervising Luffy and Jinbe's medical treatment while putting the Straw Hat on the side table, as the submarine is evading Aokiji's Ice Age and Kizaru's Yasakani no Magatama.

Post-War Arc

Later, as Boa Hancock and Emporio Ivankov arrive with a Marine battleship, he comes outside from the sub and informs them that he has done all he can and that Luffy is still in critical condition. When asked by Ivankov if he was a friend of Luffy he replies that he isn't and that he also has no obligation to save him. He offers to make an excuse as to why he is treating Luffy, only for Ivankov to state that he didn't need to as Law was only following his instincts. Jinbe then wakes up and thanks Law for saving him and Luffy, only for Law to bluntly tell Jinbe to go to sleep or he would die.

After his crew's arrival at Amazon Lily he told Jinbe that if Luffy kept struggling his wounds will open back up and he might die this time. Later he was seen looking at Luffy's straw hat with a curious look on his face.

After a little while he and his crew see Silvers Rayleigh take down a sea king and swim ashore. He tells them he was hit by a storm, but Law's crew is baffled about a storm on the Calm Belt (only to realize it was actually a storm outside the Calm Belt). Law gives him the straw hat and sets sail. He then talks about Rayleigh and figuratively about the storm made by "D" with a grin on his face while he sails away.

Law taking his time to enter the New World.
AldarinorAdded by Aldarinor

He is seen again somewhere near Sabaody Archipelago, discussing with his crew why he doesn't want to enter the New World yet, saying that in any case the One Piece won't disappear and that the other pirates are free to fight each other without him. He then tells his men to follow the orders he gave them, in order for him to "steal the proper throne," to which his crew happily rejoices.

Major Battles

Anime and Manga Differences

Originally in the manga, Law has tattoos on only four of his fingers of his left hand. In the anime, all of the fingers have a tattoo. Later on in the manga, his fingers are all tattooed.

Originally in the manga, when Law met Kid in the auction house, he notably showed Kid his middle finger. In the anime, this was censored with Law simply giving Kid a smug look.

When Law, Kid, and their respective crews encountered a Pacifista, it is currently not specified whether this one was Kuma or not in the manga and are left with a cliffhanger. In the anime, this one was a regular Pacifista and the pirates were given some scenes fighting it. When it seemed that they defeated the Pacifista, it got back up and resumed its attack, essentially leaving the same cliffhanger as in the manga.

Law's hands.PNG
Law's finger tattoos as seen in the manga initially.
Law.jpg
Law flipping off Kid in the manga.
Law2.png
The scene censored in the anime.

Trivia

  • Law's last name is derived from real life pirate Edward Low. Law's apparently infamous cruelty echoes Edward Low's own reputation for violently torturing victims before killing them.
  • Trafalgar is the name of a cape in the south-west of Spain. It's name is Arabic in origin, meaning "Western Cape." It was the site of a famous naval battle between the British and the French/Spanish fleet during the Napoleonic Wars, dubbed the Battle of Trafalgar. London's landmark Trafalgar Square is named for the battle, as is a class of submarines in the British Royal Navy.
  • Law uses the "smiley" style of Jolly Roger, as first seen used by Doflamingo. Unlike Doflamingo's smiley, his doesn't have a "cancel" sign across it. While the significance of the smilie is still unknown, this means whatever it represents, Law supports it.
  • According to the 4th Japanese Fan Poll, Law is the 10th most popular character in One Piece, making him the most popular Supernova excluding Luffy and Zoro.
  • The powers of Law's currently unnamed Devil Fruit is similiar to Buggy's Bara Bara no Mi, being able to split bodies in much the same manner. The difference between these two fruits is Law's ability to split other's bodies instead of his own (although it is still unknown whether Law actually can split his own body apart).
  • Law is one of the only captains shown in One Piece who has more than one job on his ship (he is also the doctor).
  • Law is the first character in the series to give someone the middle finger.
  • Law shares a birthday with Tashigi.
  • His yellow submarine might be inspired by The Beatles song of the same name.

References

  1. SBS One Piece Manga - SBS Volume 59, Fan question: When is Law's birthday?
  2. One Piece Manga and Anime - Vol. 51 Chapter 498 and Episode 392, Trafalgar Law is introduced.
  3. One Piece Manga - Chapter 595, Law refers to the Pirate King title as "the seat meant for him".
  4. 4.0 4.1 One Piece Manga - Chapter 579, Law's tattoos are shown to have an E and an A on the knuckles of his index respectively middle finger.
  5. One Piece Manga and Anime - Vol. 52 Chapter 504 and Episode 398, Law uses some sort of Devil Fruit power to replace a Marine's head with a cannonball.
  6. One Piece Manga and Anime - Vol. 52 Chapter 506 and Episode 399, Kid and Law now face a Pacifista.
  7. One Piece Manga - Vol. 51 Chapter 500, Law gives Kid the finger in the manga.
  8. One Piece Anime - Episode 394, Law just gives Kid a smug look in the anime.
  9. SBS One Piece Manga - SBS Volume 52 - Fan Question: Do the Supernovas' names come from real life pirates?
  10. Poll Results: One Piece Manga - Vol. 43 Page 217, Results 19-30
thx to wiki

Sunday

Black Cat "Anime"

Black Cat (ブラックキャット Burakku Kyatto?) is a Japanese Shōnen manga series written and illustrated by Kentaro Yabuki. It was originally serialized in Japan in Shueisha's Weekly Shōnen Jump. It was later collected in twenty tankōbon volumes from January 11, 2001 to October 9, 2004. The series was adapted into a twenty-four episode anime series by Gonzo studio. It debuted in Japan on the anime satellite television network Animax and the terrestrial Tokyo Broadcasting System network on October 6, 2005 with its final episode airing on March 30, 2006. The story centers on a man named Train Heartnet who withdrew from an elite group of assassins called the Chrono Numbers (時の番人 Kurono Nanbāzu?) to become a bounty hunter, or Sweeper.



Information
Genre Adventure, Comedy, Action, Fantasy, Science fiction
Manga
Written by Kentaro Yabuki
Published by Shueisha
English publisher Canada United States Viz Media
Australia New Zealand Madman Entertainment
Demographic Shōnen
Magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump
English magazine Canada United States Shonen Jump
Original run 20012004
Volumes 20 (List of volumes)
TV anime
Directed by Shin Itagaki
Studio Gonzo
Licensed by Australia New Zealand Madman Entertainment
Canada United States Funimation
United Kingdom MVM Films
Network Animax, TBS
English network Australia New Zealand Cartoon Network
United States FUNimation Channel
Original run October 6, 2005March 30, 2006
Episodes 24 (List of episodes)
Light novel
Black Cat: Hoshi no Zanshou
Written by Tomohito Ōsaki
Published by Shueisha
Published October 2005
Anime and Manga Portal

Viz Media licensed the manga series for English-language publication in North America and as of May 2009, have released all 20 volumes of the series. Funimation Entertainment licensed the anime series for North American broadcast where it was broadcast on the Funimation Channel. The series later were released on six DVD compilations, as well as a Complete Series boxed set.

Plot

Chronos, an organization bent on world peace, rules one third of the world's economy. To maintain the balance of the world, Chronos is therefore essential, and there is a need for people to protect Chronos. Thirteen special elite assassins each possess unique orichalcum-forged weapons and are called the Chrono Numbers, assassins who work for Chronos. When the thirteenth Chronos Number (Train Heartnet), also known as the infamous Black Cat, meets a Sweeper (licensed bounty hunter) named Saya Minatsuki, Train's morals and values are changed from those of Chronos's to those of his own. Instead of killing his victims like he is ordered to, he merely uses Hades (his orihilcon gun) to stop them instead. This leads to tension between him and the Chronos Elders, the leaders of Chronos, and eventually culminates in Train's departure from the organization. Creed Diskenth, a Chronos assassin, resents the way that Saya changed Train's life, and murders her. Six months later, Train is an easygoing Sweeper, traveling with his partners Sven Vollfied and Eve, when Creed appears before Train once more. Creed, whom Train believed dead, now holds awesome power, using ancient spells of Tao, something Chronos believed no longer existed after the War 20 years earlier. Creed, now with followers and power that rival anyone alive, including the numbers, vows to get Train to join him. Train must choose his friends and new life, or revenge, as Creed threatens to undermine Chronos and start his own World Revolution.

Development

According to Kentaro Yabuki, Black Cat's main theme is Train's journey to find freedom. When the manga ended serialization, Yabuki expressed desire to make a sequel from the manga labelling the series as "Part 1". As he was not sure if there could be a sequel, Yabuki still remarked that the characters of Train Heartnet and Eve may appear in other titles he would make in the future.

Media

Manga

Written and illustrated by Kentaro Yabuki, Black Cat was originally serialized in Japan by Shueisha in Weekly Shōnen Jump magazine from 2000 to 2004.[2] One hundred and eighty-five chapters were collected in twenty tankōbon volumes by Shueisha. The first volume on January 6, 2000, with the final volume released on October 14, 2004.[3][4]

It was licensed in English in North America by Viz Media as they first announced at the 2005 San Diego Comic-Con International.[5] The first volume released on March 8, 2006 with the final volume released on May 5, 2009.[6][7] Madman Entertainment published Viz's English release in Australia and New Zealand.[8] The series is also licensed for regional language releases in Dutch by Glénat Benelux,[9] French by Glénat,[citation needed] Italian by Star Comics,[citation needed] German by Carlsen Comics,[citation needed] Simplified Chinese by Chuang Yi,[citation needed] and traditional Chinese by Tong Li Publishing.[citation needed]

Anime

Gonzo studio adapted Black Cat into a twenty-four episode anime series, directed by Shin Itagaki. Black Cat was later licensed for an English-language dubbed release by Funimation Entertainment in June 2006.[11] Animax and the terrestrial Tokyo Broadcasting System (TBS) network with its final episode broadcast on March 30, 2006. Episode fifteen was not broadcast by TBS, but only by Animax.[12][13] In Japan, the series was released across twelve Region 2 DVD volumes from December 21, 2005 to November 22, 2006.[14][15] Each volume was also published in Premium Edition which included various extras.[16] The DVD volumes were gathered in a limited release DVD boxset by Sony Pictures Entertainment on April 23, 2008. The episodes were then licensed and dubbed by Funimation Entertainment and were broadcast on Funimation Channel. The series was then released across six Region 1 DVD volumes released between December 19, 2006 and July 24, 2007. The DVDs were gathered in a boxset and released on March 18, 2008.

CDs

There were three drama CDs based on the series released between February 28, 2005 and October 14, 2005

Cover to the Black Cat Original Soundtrack Nikukyu

A full anime soundtrack was released on March 15, 2006 entitled Black Cat Original Soundtrack Nikukyu (lit. Pawpad).[23] It contains the opening and ending themes along with twenty-one tracks of background music.

Light novel

With the permission from the author, Kentaro Yabuki, Tomohito Ōsaki wrote a light novel titled Black Cat: Hoshi no Zanshou (lit. The Star's Afterglow). It was released in Japan in October 2005.

Video games

There were two video games released in Japan. "Black Cat: Kikai Shikake no Tenshi" (lit. The Mechanical Angel) was released for the PlayStation 2 on March 30, 2006 by Capcom. Black Cat: Kuroneko no Concerto (lit. The Black Cat's Concerto) was released for the Nintendo DS on June 21, 2007 by Compile Heart. Characters of the Black Cat series have also made appearances in the games Jump Super Stars and Jump Ultimate Stars.

Reception

As of 2008, Black Cat's twenty volumes sold 12 million units in Japan. Volumes from Viz's publication of the series have also been featuring in best-selling manga rankings such as The New York Times[25][26] as well as Nielsen BookScan. During 2006, Black Cat was North America 9th best Manga property according to ICv2. In ICv2 Top 50 Manga, Black Cat was listed as the 15th Manga property from North America during the first half from 2008. In ICv2's Top 25 Manga Properties Q1 2009, it was the 22nd best manga property from North America during 2009's first quarter.

The anime has been listed as North America 22nd's anime property during summer from 2008. Navarre Corporation cited the DVD releases from Black Cat as the main reason for Funimation's profit increase during the last quarter from 2006.

References

  1. ^ Yabuki, Kentaro (2009). Black Cat, Volume 20. Viz Media. p. 212. ISBN 978-1-4215-2379-8.
  2. ^ a b "Kentaro Yabuki". Viz Media. Retrieved October 8, 2009.
  3. ^ "Black Cat 1" (in Japanese). Shueisha. Retrieved September 1, 2009.
  4. ^ "Black Cat 20" (in Japanese). Shueisha. Retrieved September 1, 2009.
  5. ^ "New Viz Manga". Anime News Network. July 18, 2005. Retrieved October 10, 2009.
  6. ^ "Black Cat, Vol. 1". Viz Media. Retrieved 2009-04-24.
  7. ^ "Black Cat, Vol. 20". Viz Media. Retrieved 2009-04-24.
  8. ^ "Viz Media & Madman Entertainment Join Forces". Madman Entertainment. Archived from the original on April 24, 2009. Retrieved 2009-04-24.
  9. ^ http://www.glenat.be/dyn/glenat/pagesasp/18benelux/184bibli/serie.asp?SERIE_ID=124
  10. ^ "Black Cat Anime". Anime News Network. May 10, 2005. Retrieved October 10, 2009.
  11. ^ "FUNimation Gets Black Cat". ICv2. June 13, 2006. Retrieved October 8, 2009.
  12. ^ "Animax Southeast Asia's official daily schedule for April 2007". Animax. Archived from the original on April 22, 2007. Retrieved 2007-05-13.
  13. ^ "Schedule for Animax Philippines". Telebisyon. Retrieved 2009-03-20.
  14. ^ "Black Cat Vol.1". CD Japan. Retrieved October 12, 2009.
  15. ^ "Black Cat Vol.12". CD Japan. Retrieved October 12, 2009.
  16. ^ "Black Cat DVD" (in Japanese). Tokyo Broadcasting System. Retrieved October 6, 2009.
  17. ^ "Black Cat DVD Box Limited Release". CD Japan. Retrieved 2009-04-26.
  18. ^ "Funimation Channel Adds MoonPhase, Peach Girl, Suzuka". Anime News Network. March 3, 2008. Retrieved October 11, 2009.
  19. ^ "Black Cat, Vol. 1 - The Cat Out of the Bag". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2009-04-24.
  20. ^ "Black Cat, Vol. 6 - Cat's Nine Lives". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
  21. ^ "Black Cat: The Complete Series". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2009-04-26.
  22. ^ "CDJapan.co.jp on the Drama CD of Black Cat". Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  23. ^ "BLACK CAT Original Sound Track“Nikukyu”". Amazon.co.jp. Retrieved 2009-04-24.
  24. ^ "Top Manga Properties in 2008 - Rankings and Circulation Data". Comipress. December 31, 2008. Retrieved August 26, 2009.
  25. ^ "New York Times Manga Best Seller List, March 1–7". Anime News Network. March 13, 2009. Retrieved October 14, 2009.
  26. ^ "New York Times Manga Best Seller List, May 10–16". Anime News Network. May 22, 2009. Retrieved October 14, 2009.
  27. ^ "BookScan's Top 20 Graphic Novels for January 2009". ICv2. February 5, 2009. Retrieved October 14, 2009.
  28. ^ "Manga Releases Up 16% in 2007". ICv2. February 7, 2007. Retrieved October 14, 2009.
  29. ^ "ICv2 Top 50 Manga--Summer 2008". ICv2. September 8, 2008. Retrieved October 14, 2009.
  30. ^ "'ICv2 Insider's Guide' #65: Top 25 Manga Properties Q1 2009". ICv2. June 10, 2009. Retrieved October 14, 2009.
  31. ^ "ICv2 Top 25 Anime--Summer 2008". ICv2. September 8, 2008. Retrieved October 14, 2009.
  32. ^ "Navarre Q4 Report: Profits Up 24.9%". Anime News Network. February 13, 2007. Retrieved October 14, 2009.

Wednesday

Sinyal 3G

Pada dasarnya perkembangan teknologi komunikasi ini disebabkan oleh keinginan untuk selalu memperbaiki kinerja, kemampuan dan efisiensi dari teknologi generasi sebelumnya. Ada pun perkembangan teknologi nirkabel dapat dirangkum sebagai berikut:

1. Generasi pertama: analog, kecepatan rendah (low-speed), cukup untuk suara. Contoh: NMT (Nordic Mobile Telephone) dan AMPS (Analog Mobile Phone System). Dimulai pada awal 1980-an sebagai bagian komersil dari AMPS. Menggunakan format FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) yang membawa suara analog sebesar 800 MHz pita frekuensi.[6]
2. Generasi kedua: digital, kecepatan rendah - menengah. Contoh: GSM dan CDMA2000 1xRTT. Berkembang di awal 1990-an saat operator seluler mengeluarkan 2 macam standar suara digital, GSM dan CDMA, dimana GSM menggunakan sistem TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) yang mampu mengirimkan panggilan sampai 8 saluran di pita 900 dan 1800 MHz, sedangkan CDMA sendiri adalah singkatan dari (Code Division Multiple Access) yang mampu mengirimkan sinyal panggilan sampai 16 saluran di pita frekuensi 800 MHz.[6]
3. Generasi ketiga: digital, kecepatan tinggi (high-speed), untuk pita lebar (broadband). Contoh: W-CDMA (atau dikenal juga dengan UMTS) dan CDMA2000 1xEV-DO. 3G merupakan terobosan dalam pengiriman paket data yang memungkinkan berbagai aplikasi jaringan diterapkan. Dengan kata lain, 3G menghadirkan sebuah perubahan evolusioner dalam kecepatan pemindahan data. [6]

3G (dari bahasa Inggris: third-generation technology) merupakan sebuah standar yang ditetapkan oleh International Telecommunication Union (ITU) yang diadopsi dari IMT-2000[1] untuk diaplikasikan pada jaringan telepon selular. Istilah ini umumnya digunakan mengacu kepada perkembangan teknologi telepon nirkabel versi ke-tiga[2]. Melalui 3G, pengguna telepon selular dapat memiliki akses cepat ke internet dengan bandwidth sampai 384 kilobit setiap detik ketika alat tersebut berada pada kondisi diam atau bergerak secepat pejalan kaki.[2]. Akses yang cepat ini merupakan andalan dari 3G yang tentunya mampu memberikan fasilitas yang beragam pada pengguna seperti menonton video secara langsung dari internet atau berbicara dengan orang lain menggunakan video.[3]. 3G mengalahkan semua pendahulunya, baik GSM maupun GPRS.[4]. Beberapa perusahaan seluler dunia akan menjadikan 3G sebagai standar baru jaringan nirkabel yang beredar di pasaran ataupun negara berkembang[5].

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/3G

Telkomsel

Telkomsel adalah salah satu perusahaan operator telekomunikasi seluler di Indonesia.

Telkomsel adalah operator telekomunikasi seluler GSM pertama di Indonesia dengan layanan pascabayar kartuHALO yang diluncurkan pada tanggal 26 Mei 1995. Saat itu, saham Telkomsel dimiliki oleh Telkom Indonesia sebesar 51% dan sisanya oleh Indosat. Pada tanggal 1 November 1997, Telkomsel menjadi operator seluler pertama di Asia yang menawarkan layanan GSM prabayar.

Telkomsel mengklaim sebagai operator telekomunikasi seluler terbesar di Indonesia dengan 81,644 juta pelanggan per 31 Desember 2007 dan pangsa pasar sebesar 51% per 1 Januari 2007.[rujukan?] Jaringan Telkomsel telah mencakup 288 jaringan roaming internasional di 155 negara pada akhir tahun 2007.

Telkomsel memiliki tiga produk GSM, yaitu SimPATI (prabayar), Kartu AS (prabayar), dan kartuHALO (pascabayar). Selain itu, Telkomsel juga memiliki layanan internet nirkabel lewat jaringan telepon seluler, yaitu Telkomsel Flash.

Telkomsel bekerja pada jaringan 900/1.800 MHz.

GraPARI

GraPARI adalah akronim dari Graha Pari Sraya yang dijadikan nama pusat layanan pelanggan Telkomsel. Nama tersebut berasal dari bahasa Sanskerta yang diberikan oleh Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono X sebagai tanda penghargaan atas diresmikannya kantor pelayanan Telkomsel di Yogyakarta. Sejak saat itu, seluruh pusat layanan pelanggan Telkomsel ditetapkan dengan nama GraPARI Telkomsel.

Selain bertindak sebagai pusat layanan pelanggan yang memfokuskan diri untuk melayani para pelanggannya, GraPARI juga menyediakan penjualan produk sendiri seperti kartuHALO dan simPATI.

GraPARI tidak menjual perangkat telepon seluler kecuali apabila ada kebijaksanaan tertentu untuk menjual dalam bentuk paket produk Telkomsel yang tidak selalu dilakukan. Bila ada pelanggan yang ingin membeli perangkat telepon selular terpisah dari produk Telkomsel, maka GraPARI akan menyarankan untuk mendapatkannya di diler resmi, toko eksklusif, maupun ritel yang telah bekerja sama dengan Telkomsel.

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telkomsel

Friday

Generasi Telpon genggam

Generasi 0

Sejarah penemuan telepon seluler tidak lepas dari perkembangan radio. Awal penemuan telepon seluler dimulai pada tahun 1921 ketika Departemen Kepolisian Detroit Michigan mencoba menggunakan telepon mobil satu arah. Kemudian, pada tahun 1928 Kepolisian Detroit mulai menggunakan radio komunikasi satu arah regular pada semua mobil patroli dengan frekuensi 2 MHz. pada perkembangan selanjutnya, radio komunikasi berkembang menjadi dua arah dengan ‘’frequency modulated ‘’(FM).

Tahun 1940, Galvin Manufactory Corporation (sekarang Motorola)mengembangkan portable Handie-talkie SCR536, yang berarti sebuah alat komunikasi di medan perang saat perang dunia II. Masa ini merupakan generasi 0 telepon seluler atau 0-G, dimana telepon seluler mulai diperkenalkan.

Setelah mengeluarkan SCR536,kemudian pada tahun 1943 Galvin Manufactory Corporation mengeluarkan kembali partable FM radio dua arah pertama yang diberi nama SCR300 dengan model backpack untuk tentara U.S. Alat ini memiliki berat sekitar 35 pon dan dapat bekerja secara efektif dalam jarak operasi 10 sampai 20 mil.

Sistem telepon seluler 0-G masih menggunakan sebuah sistem radio VHF untuk menghubungkan telepon secara langsung pada PSTN landline. Kelemahan sistem ini adalah masalah pada jaringan kongesti yang kemudian memunculkan usaha-usaha untuk mengganti sistem ini.

Generasi 0 diakhiri dengan penemuan konsep modern oleh insinyur-insinyur dari Bell Labs pada tahun 1947. Mereka menemukan konsep penggunaan telepon hexagonal sebagai dasar telepon seluler. Namun, konsep ini baru dikembangkan pada 1960-an.

Generasi I

Telepon seluler generasi pertama disebut juga 1G. 1-G merupakan telepon seluler pertama yang sebenarnya. Tahun 1973, Martin Cooper dari Motorola Corp menemukan telepon seluler pertama dan diperkenalkan kepada public pada 3 April 1973. Telepon seluler yang ditemukan oleh Cooper memiliki berat 30 ons atau sekitar 800 gram. Penemuan inilah yang telah merubah dunia selamanya. Teknologi yang digunakan 1-G masih bersifat analog dan dikenal dengan istilah AMPS. AMPS menggunakan frekuensi antara 825 Mhz- 894 Mhz dan dioperasikan pada Band 800 Mhz. Karena bersifat analog, maka sistem yang digunakan masih bersifat regional. Salah satu kekurangan generasi 1-G adalah karena ukurannya yang terlalu besar untuk dipegang oleh tangan. Ukuran yang besar ini dikarenakan keperluan tenaga dan performa baterai yang kurang baik. Selain itu generasi 1-G masih memiliki masalah dengan mobilitas pengguna. Pada saat melakukan panggilan, mobilitas pengguna terbatas pada jangkauan area telpon seluler.

Generasi II

Generasi kedua atau 2-G muncul pada sekitar tahun 1990-an. 2G di Amerika sudah menggunakan teknologi CDMA, sedangkan di Eropa menggunakan teknologi GSM. GSM menggunakan frekuensi standar 900 Mhz dan frekuensi 1800 Mhz. Dengan frekuensi tersebut, GSM memiliki kapasitas pelanggan yang lebih besar. Pada generasi 2G sinyal analog sudah diganti dengan sinyal digital. Penggunaan sinyal digital memperlengkapi telepon seluler dengan pesan suara, panggilan tunggu, dan SMS. Telepon seluler pada generasi ini juga memiliki ukuran yang lebih kecil dan lebih ringan karena penggunaan teknologi chip digital. Ukuran yang lebih kecil juga dikarenakan kebutuhan tenaga baterai yang lebih kecil. Keunggulan dari generasi 2G adalah ukuran dan berat yang lebih kecil serta sinyal radio yang lebih rendah, sehingga mengurangi efek radiasi yang membayakan pengguna.

Generasi III

Generasi ini disebut juga 3G yang memungkinkan operator jaringan untuk memberi pengguna mereka jangkauan yang lebih luas, termasuk internet sebaik video call berteknologi tinggi. Dalam 3G terdapat 3 standar untuk dunia telekomunikasi yaitu Enhance Datarates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), Wideband-CDMA, dan CDMA 2000. Kelemahan dari generasi 3G ini adalah biaya yang relater lebih tinggi, dan kurangnya cakupan jaringan karena masih barunya teknologi ini.

Generasi IV

Generasi ini disebut juga Fourth Generation (4G). 4G merupakan sistem telepon seluler yang menawarkan pendekatan baru dan solusi infrstruktur yang mengintegrasikan teknologi wireless yang telah ada termasuk wireless broadband (WiBro), 802.16e, CDMA, wireless LAN, Bluetooth, dlll. sistem 4G berdasarkan heterogenitas jaringan IP yang memungkinkan pengguna untuk menggunakan beragam sistem kapan saja dan dimana saja. 4G juga memberikan penggunanya kecepatan tinggi, volume tinggi, kualitas baik, jangkauan global, dan fleksibilitas utnuk menjelajahi berbagai teknologi berbeda. Terakhir,4G memberikan pelayanan pengiriman data cepat untuk mengakomodasi berbagai aplikasi multimedia seperti, video conferencing, game on-line , dll.

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telepon_genggam

MINERAL YANG DIBUTUHKAN TUBUH KITA

Protein. Protein berfungsi untuk pertumbuan sel dan fungsi otak serta perlindungan terhadap infeksi. Asam amino yang merupakan komponen protein berperan sebagai neurotransmitter atau bahan zat penghantar rangsang saraf dan mempengaruhi perilkau, seperti emosi, kontrol diri, dan konsentrasi. Asam amino esensial adalah jenis asam amino yang dibutuhkan tubuh namun tubuh justru tidak dapat memproduksi sendiri dan diperoleh dari asupan makanan, contohnya antara lain adalah cystin dan lysine.

Lemak. Secara kimia, otak banyak memiliki lapisan membran lemak. Agar otak dapat berfungsi degnan baik diperlukan asam lemak omega 3 dan omega 6. Penelitian dari bagian gizi masyarakat Universitas Indonesia memberikan kesimpulan bahwa asam lemak omega 3 dan omega 6 yang terdapat dalam ASI, minyak ikan, dan ikan, mempunyai peranan penting dalam meningkatkan kecerdasan anak.

Omega 3. Asam alfa linolenat termasuk dalam kelompok asam lemak tidak jenuh ganda rantai panjang (Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid= LC-PUFA). LC-PUFA merupakan pembuat utama sistem saraf. Kekurangan (defisiensi) omega 3 akan menyebabkan adanya gangguan pada sistem penglihatan, daya ingat, gangguan perilaku, dan kekebalan tubuh. Omega 3 terdapat pada brokoli, bayam, daun selada, unggas, dan beberapa jenis ikan, seperti tuna, salmon, sardin, mackerel, dan herring.

Omega 6. Asam alfa linoleat ini juga merupakan LC-PUFA. Omega 6 ini diubah menjadi asam arakhidonat (AA). AA berfungsi sebagai penghantar rangsang antarsel saraf dan membantu perkembangan otak. Omega 6 dapat ditemui pada minyak kedelai.

Karbohidrat. Karbohidrat merupakan sumber zat energi. Energi sangat dibutuhkan otak sebagai sumber energi sel-sel otak dan pembentukan “kabel” saraf otak untuk proses berpikir. Karbohidrat juga berperan untuk menangkap dan menyimpan data dalam memori otak. Sumber karbohidrat mudah ditemui di bahan makanan pokok, seperti nasi, roti, gandum, dan biskuit.

Vitamin. Vitamin,khususnya vitamin A berperan dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan otak bayi dan balita serta pembentukan dan pengembangan fungsi sel-sel otak seperti membantu pembentukan dan pertumbuhan sel saraf. Vitamin A banyak terdapat pada wortel, hati sapi, hati ayam, jeruk, dan bayam. Begitu juga dengan vitamin B6 yang berperan dalam membantu proses metabolisme asam amino (protein) yang merupakan salah satu komponen pentuk otak. Proses pembentukan neurotransmitter juga dibantu oleh vitamin itu.

Asam Folat. Atau ada juga yang menyebutnya vitamin B9 sangat berperan penting dalam mencegah kelainan seperti otak tidak berkembang (anensefali). Beberapa bahan makanan yang mengandung asam folat adalah hati sapi, bayam, brokoli, pisang, susu, gandum, kuning telur ayam, jus jeruk, dan kacang almond.

Mineral. Mineral adalah unsur pelengkap yang membantu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi dan balita. Jenis-jenis mineral yang dibutuhkan untuk perkembangan otak adalah sodium, potasium, kalsium, besi, seng, iodium, dan klorida yang berperan dalam pembentukan neurotransmitter. Mineral lain yaitu zat besi (Fe) berfungsi untuk pembentukan myelin (selaput lemak pelindung saraf). Zat besi juga berguna untuk kecepatan penghantaran saraf, pemrosesan informasi dan kecerdasan.
Vitamin A
sumber vitamin A =
susu, ikan, sayuran berwarna hijau dan kuning, hati, buah-buahan warna merah dan kuning (cabe merah, wortel, pisang, pepaya, dan lain-lain)
Manfaat : Untuk memproduksi sel-sel otak pada protein. Akibat defisiensi : Depresi dan apati(kelesuan). pada anak-anak bisa menghambat perkembangan otak
Thiamin (Vitamin B-1)
sumber yang mengandung vitamin B1 =
gandum, daging, susu, kacang hijau, ragi, beras, telur, dan sebagainya
Membantu dalam memproses energi dari glukosa dan protein. Penting utnuk fungsi syaraf. Selain itu, Thiamin dapat meningkatkan kemampuan dalam mecahkan masalah. Akibat Defesiensi: Keletihan, lemah daya ingat, kekacauan mental, penyimpangan perilaku, cepat marah.
Riboflavin (Vitamin B-2)
sumber yang mengandung vitamin B2 =
sayur-sayuran segar, kacang kedelai, kuning telur, susu, dan banyak lagi lainnya.
Manfaat : menjaga keutuhan myelin(substansi yang menyelubungi urat syaraf dan menyampaikan informasi), membantu menyediakan energi untuk otak. Akibat Defisiensi: Menghambat perkembangan otak pada anak-anak dan menyebabkan masalah prilaku.
Niacin (Vitamin B-3)
Sumber yang mengandung vitamin B3 =
buah-buahan, gandum, ragi, hati, ikan, ginjal, kentang manis, daging unggas dan sebagainya manfaat : Berperan membantu otak dalam memproduksi zat-zat kimia penting dan membantu pembuatan protein. Akibat defisiensi: Cepat marah, mudah letih, daya konsentrasi lemah, perasaan tak menentu dan sulit tidur.
Vitamin B5
- sumber yang mengandung vitamin B5 =
daging, susu, sayur mayur hijau, ginjal, hati, kacang ijo, dan banyak lagi yang lain.
- Penyakit yang ditimbulkan akibat kekurangan vitamin B5 =
otot mudah menjadi kram, sulit tidur, kulit pecah-pecah dan bersisik, dan lain-lain.
Pyridoxine (Vitamin B-6)
sumber yang mengandung vitamin B6 =kacang-kacangan, jagung, beras, hati, ikan, beras tumbuk, ragi, daging, dan lain-lain.Manfaat: Membantu otak memproduksi zat-zat kimia penting, berperan dalam pembuatan protein. Akibat defesiensi: Cepat marah, mudah letih, daya konsentrasi lemah, kebiasaan tidur yang buruk, dan lemah daya ingat.
Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12)
- sumber yang mengandung vitamin B12 =
telur, hati, daging, dan lainnya
- Penyakit yang ditimbulkan akibat kekurangan vitamin B12 =
kurang darah atau anemia, gampang capek/lelah/lesu/lemes/lemas, penyakit pada kulit, dan sebagainya
Vitamin C
sumber yang mengandung vitamin C =
jambu klutuk atau jambu batu, jeruk, tomat, nanas, sayur segar, dan lain sebagainya.
Manfaat: membantu dalam penggunaan protein dan meningkatkan penyerapan zat besi yang dibutuhkan. Akibat defisiensi: mudah letih, depresi, tidak tahan terhadap panas atau dingin atau perubahan-perubahan dalam tekanan udara; hipersensitif.
Vitamin D :
sumber yang mengandung vitamin D =
minyak ikan, susu, telur, keju, dan lain-lain
Fungsinya:
- Menyerap dan memanfaatkan fosfor dan kalsium
- Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gigi dan gusi
- Melindungi kelemahan otot.
Vitamin E :
sumber yang mengandung vitamin E =
ikan, ayam, kuning telur, kecambah, ragi, minyak tumbuh-tumbuhan, havermut, dsb
Fungsinya:
- Antioksidan untuk mencegah kanker dan penyakit jantung
- Meningkatkan kesuburan
- Mencegah sel oleh zat-zat radikal bebas
- Menjaga kesehatan saraf dan otot
- Meningkatkan pembekuan darah secara normal
Vitamin K :
sumber yang mengandung vitamin K =
susu, kuning telur, sayuran segar, dkk.
Fungsinya:
- Pembeku darah
- Pembentukan dan perbaikan tulang secara benar
Kalsium :
- Untuk pembentukan tulang dan gigi.
Folid Acid
Manfaat: membantu pembuatan zat-zat didalam otak yang penting untuk penyimpanan data dalam daya ingat. Akibat defisiensi: kelesuan, lemah daya ingat, cepat marah, suka menyendiri, proses intelektual lemah.
Magnesium
manfaat: Membantu penyediaan energi untuk otak. Akibat defisiensi: cepat marah, gelisah, lesu, depresi, dan bingung.
Iron
Manfaat: membantu otak untuk memproses nutrisi-nutris yang dibutuhkan untuk aktivitas otak serta membantu proses neurotransmiter. Akibat defisisensi: penyimpangan prilaku, tak acuh, lemah daya konsentrasi, lemah daya ingat.
Zinc
Manfaat: dibutuhkan oleh semua reaksi di otak; membantu produksi zat-zat kimia penting dan protein di dalam otak; berperan membentuk energi dari glukosa dan protein. Akibat defisiensi: kelesuan, cepat marah, kebiasaan makan yang buruk, anoreksia, keletihan, obesitas, bingung.
Chromium
Manfaat: penting untuk metabolisme glukosa (hampir seluruh fungsi otak manusia bergantung pada glukosa sebagai sumber energi) Akibat defisiensi: lemah daya konsentrasi, lemah daya ingat, perasaan tak menentu, rasa letih.
Potassium
Manfaat: dibutuhkan untuk fungsi neurotransmiter. Akibat Defisiensi: rasa lemah, hilang nafsu makan, pola pikir irasional.
Boron
Manfaat: meningkatkan daya ingat, kordinasi tangan-mata, dan kebugaran. Akibat Defisiensi: lemah daya ingat, rasa letih, rasa lesuh, dan kordinasi tangan-mata yang buruk.
Selenium :
- Antioksidan untuk menghalangi lipid atau lemak
- Bila dikombinasikan dengan vit E melindungi pembentukan radikal bebas dan membantu membentuk antibodi
- Mencegah pembentukan berbagai tipe tumor tertentu.

http://puskesmassimpangempat.wordpress.com/2009/07/09/kumpulan-artikel-kegunaan-vitamin-dan-mineral-untuk-tubuh-kita/

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